The techniques which you now have are many. They are awesome. Don’t let yourself get confused by the fact that there are more and more of them, because those are just more and more techniques. There are lots of ways to do this. Just as there are lots of ways to work out a geometry problem, so there are lots of ways to work out a case in Dianetics.

I suppose that amongst all these ways there is a best way. I don’t think that best way has been entirely gone over and discovered yet. Some of these techniques are better than others. We know, for instance, that a technique such as just the running of engrams and secondaries in a case and nothing else has a tendency to undermine an individual’s self- determinism.

Why, though? Because you are bypassing his conclusions, and if you bypass an individual’s conclusions you will break him down into apathy. If you keep proving to him that his conclusions were otherwise than his own, he will go into apathy eventually. In other words, you are getting up the stuff which made him that way to a large extent, but at the same time you are bypassing the material and sending him down the tone scale. So you are bringing him up the tone scale on one end and down the tone scale on the other end, and he remains relatively static.

As a matter of fact, you can so thoroughly threaten some conclusion of the past which is long buried and forgotten that the individual, all by himself, can go into apathy and latch up in a chronic somatic.

Now, you have seen individuals who have been audited for a while and who have all of a sudden turned on a chronic somatic — just one pain someplace — and then kept it. What is evidently happening there is that the auditing is bucking up against their service facsimile — some old conclusion — and is therefore attacking what they have elected to be their survival. As a consequence, this service facsimile simply turns on stronger and stronger and stronger, and they use it more and more and more.

This should be of interest to you in the resolution of cases which have been audited by earlier techniques. It should tell you with accuracy what you have to do with such a case. What you want to do is get this case — with start and stop decisions, finding the various conclusions this individual has made in his lifetime — up to and beyond the point of having to have that service facsimile, and then you just tackle the service facsimile itself and knockit out.

Until you have identified it you are going to maintain it. That is to say, it will stay around until it is identified as an actual incident, with sufficient reality and conviction on the part of the individual for him to accept it as an actual incident. At that time you will reduce it and get rid of it.

That is how you fix up somebody who has been audited into a chronic somatic.

Is there any difference, actually, between that and how you undo any chronic somatic? No, there isn’t. What happens with a chronic somatic is that life keeps demanding of the individual that he get rid of a service facsimile, and he keeps turning it on. Life says, “You’ve got to get rid of it,” and he has to turn it on to invalidate everybody, and so it is just a seesaw back and forth.

By the way, I made a survey, and we have only one gentleman from the field of psychology who has ever been worth anything. He is very valuable. That means that out of any area you can get somebody. But do you know that several of the failures in Dianetics have come out of the field of psychology? That should be interesting to you.

Why? The field of psychology specialized in the fact that a man had to be adjusted to his environment. It said, “You have to use your service facsimile in order to get along.” It not only said you have to use it, but it said, “We’re going to give it to you and we’re going to confirm it for you.” Actually, the conclusions in this field summed up to the fact that an individual’s conclusions were necessary — that a neurosis was actually what made a writer write, for instance. Isn’t that gorgeous? How crazy can we get? A neurosis made a writer write. They came up with this because they couldn’t make anybody get rid of their neuroses! They had seen that individuals would get rid of one and just turn on another. Actually, they weren’t turning on another, they were turning on another part of the same service facsimile. They weren’t even transferring engrams. So in psychology there was a whole study which was devoted to the confirmation of service facsimiles.

But Dianetics did tend to search for and attack and get rid of service facsimiles, didn’t it? So individuals from such a field would feel themselves tremendously threatened in what they considered to be their survival, and they would kick back blastingly and drastically against this thing. It is not a problem, then, of occult, different conclusions, or of some mechanical difference of vested interest or selfishness or meanness on the part of psychology, psychiatry, medicine and so on. It is just that these boys are running on service facsimiles and Dianetics can take those away from them.

I am telling you this for a reason, not to rant and rave about the subject of these fields. I am telling you that when you get an individual who has a chronic somatic — what they call a psychosomatic illness — this thing is being confirmed to him in his own environment every day, and he uses it and uses it and uses it. Therefore, his environment tells him he cannot survive without that service facsimile because it, it tells him, is the only thing he has with which he can invalidate the individuals around him.

So an individual comes in to the Foundation and he wants to get rid of a chronic somatic. He has got "hipsagoodle of the twirpwhumps". You tell him, “Well, we can get rid of that for you,” and he is perfectly willing to go along because you are part of his environment . But how is he going to invalidate you? He is just going to turn up the rheostat on that service facsimile, and turn up the rheostat again, and he is going to get worse and worse. He really is going to get worse if you start tackling it bluntly without tackling his environmental problem — his computation.

If you don’ t tackle, right off the bat, his first echelon of self- determinism — rehabilitate it and square it around so that he knows he can stand on his own two feet without a service facsimile — he is not going to give it to you. So individuals will go on wearing glasses and all sorts of things.

Have you ever had a preclear start writing you notes, as an auditor? He starts writing reams and reams of things that he thinks are wrong with him. These things are all wrong with him, he is sure, and he gives these things to you. You can just bank your bottom dollar that not a single one of them has any validity to it.

What it means when he does this is that you haven’t hit the computation on his case. That is just symptomatic that you have not hit the computation on his case. And he will keep writing you notes and telling you what is wrong with him until you do hit the computation. At that moment he will stop; he will cease writing you notes.

Consider a chronic somatic exactly that: notes being written to you because you haven’t hit the computation on the case. There it is, visible evidence: glasses, hipsagoodle of the twirpwhumps, whatever it is. It doesn’t matter. He is handing it to you as part of the environment, saying, “This is what is wrong with me. I didn’t do it — not my fault! “ and “You see? You see what you do by attacking me and tackling me and so forth? I keep getting swellings of the medulla oblongata all the time.”

He will keep offering this and it will get tougher and tougher. You can actually take a preclear, without hitting his chronic somatic — you don’t even know he has this chronic somatic and maybe he only has a vague idea that he has it — and you can start auditing him and the next thing you know, you can have turned that thing on full so that he now has a psychosomatic illness because of auditing.

Now, out of pure salesmanship, you can sit there and talk to this preclear and tell him how much better he is going to feel and everything else, and all of a sudden he will lay aside the service facsimile. You didn’t hit the computation, he just laid it aside. And you say, “You see what Dianetics has done? Isn’t this wonderful?” But then he goes out into his environment again and five months later he has still got it. He went into his environment again and no salesmanship existed in that environment but the salesmanship that told him he had to have this service facsimile. So he turned it on again.

Even if you had to some degree desensitized the actual engram which was that service facsimile, he would turn on what was left of it if you didn’t get the computation that went with it.

So you can see that note-writing means “Haven’t got the computation on the case.” The continuance of a chronic somatic says “Haven’t got the computation on the case.” A continued low level on the tone scale says “Haven’t got the computation on the case.” Anything that remains wrong with this preclear that he keeps offering to you says the same thing, and he is offering you an illness, he is offering you a low tone of voice, he is offering you how bad he feels, he is offering you actually, to this extent, what they have mistakenly called “transference.” He will offer you a service facsimile to the point where he is practically saying “Eat me,” because in earlier generations that was what happened when he went by the boards — he got eaten.

In other words, he will keep offering you more and more, apparently, of his self- determinism. He will give away his self-determinism so he can keep a service facsimile. He is keeping that service facsimile with malice aforethought, and don’t ever think otherwise. He knows, computationally in the bottom of his mind, what he has hold of, but he won’t let himself know that he knows.

Let’s just put this thing together in a package. You know that a mental aberration is part and parcel of a physical body; it is the physical effort that comes in, and later on the person can manifest the aberration out of it.

We know that on a light level, people can take phrases and dramatize them; we know that phrases all by themselves can cause aberration. Sometimes when you get rid of a phrase on an individual he feels a lot better. Don’t overlook that fact. But by processing phrases, you are validating language to him, and one of the things that is wrong with him is the fact that he considers language too vital.

So we have a lower echelon than language: we have MEST and organisms and his handling of those things, his decisional level. This is much more important in auditing than language. Though we may not have suspected it at first, it is much more important. There will be a computation which is not a word/phrase computation. All of those mechanisms, those phenomena, exist in the mind. But it is your job as an auditor to just slice right straight on by them and get to a more basic cause.

You have about eight ways from the middle to get to that basic cause. You can just speed the fellow up, if you can, to a point where he doesn’t have to be wrong. Actually, a howling success does that to an individual on a purely operational level. He goes out and gets a tremendous amount of applause from the "Catarrh Society of America" for rendering a solo on a bassoon or something. Everybody says, “My, he’s the best bassoon player,” and so on. The first thing you know, this fellow doesn’t have any chronic somatic. He has been able to lay aside his service facsimile for the moment, because of success. What he is doing is running at a higher rate of speed.

His concept of his own ability is raised to such an extent that he finds out he can win. The only trouble is that he will fall right back on the computation the moment he has the slightest little down-dive in his success level. He will skid again.

As a matter of fact, the manifestation of what they call a manicdepressive is the rising and falling and rising and falling on concept of success and failure. What the manic-depressive who is insane considers success and failure is a very interesting thing. On a psychotic level, a success may be an enormous success to this individual if he has merely succeeded in bumming a cigarette off you; this would be a great success to him. A failure might be as slight as being unable to get the match to light that cigarette; that might put him in a completely depressed state.

But what are we fluctuating between? The person fluctuates between success and failure — successes and failures on each one of the dynamics.

However, we can define success a little more actively: Success is survival; it is ability to achieve or launch oneself upon courses which lead to survival goals. Failures are little gradients of death, and failures are great in the magnitude that they depress the survival of the individual. So it is pretty easy to find them.

Now, let’s go even more basic. A success is being able to create, conserve, maintain, acquire, destroy, change, occupy, group or disperse MEST. In other words, in order to be successful, a person must have been able to realize his conclusions to all these action words on pro-survival objects or people in getting them going, and on contra-survival objects or people in stopping them.

So you see what the formula is: A person has to start, maintain, conserve, preserve or obtain pro-survival motion. He has to have that ability. And he has to be able to stop or radically change (by any one of the action verbs) contra-survival motion. So there are just those two factors there.

Change means that he has to take what might be contra-survival and change it into pro-survival. He has to be able to convert it.

All this sums up very simply: One could say that one’s health depends upon his dangerousness to his environment — just that! When did the preclear decide he wasn’t dangerous to his environment? If you just go on the basis that one’s health depends upon one’s concept of his dangerousness to the environment, you will find that you are hitting right down the center line on the whole problem without very many fancy frills.

You might say, “That seems very strange — a woman considering herself dangerous to her environment.” No, that isn’t strange. How does a woman consider herself dangerous? She cuts other women out of boyfriends. If she feels she might not be able to do so, she will do so. But if she is perfectly confident that she could, she won’t! She doesn’t put it to test, in other words.

It is her ability to dress, to acquire favors, to perform her tasks and duties. In other words, to conduct her life on a survival level, she must continue to be able to make her weight felt in the environment. She has to be able to make her weight felt.

How does a woman make her weight felt? How does an artist make his weight felt? How does a writer make his? How does an engineer make his? How does a teacher make his? How does an auditor make his weight felt?

It is very simple when you reduce it down to that. A fellow has concluded to make his weight felt. Then he doesn’t, and he fails. If he fails on one dynamic he will fail along all the dynamics.

You know how you have felt when you have gotten through a tough session, one where you felt that you had done your preclear some good, and then you found out you didn’t do him any good — he is worse, if anything. Your emotion level went way down, didn’t it?

Now, how do you feel when you work on a preclear for a few minutes and all of a sudden he doesn’t have a headache or something and he says, “Gee, that’s fine”?

You could misinterpret it: you could say that this is because you have received appreciation. No, appreciation is down along 1.1, unfortunately. We are talking now about band 20.0. You find appreciation, approval and acceptance and so forth down below 4.0.

Let’s talk about somebody who is really in good shape: he has really made his weight felt. If he has not made his weight felt on the environment, if he has not proven that he is a punitive element in his environment, his concept of his punitiveness goes down.

This fellow audits somebody for a couple of hours and at the end of that time the preclear is in good shape, just fine shape. The auditor’s own concept of his environment and all of his own dynamics goes way up.

Remember that when I say “his idea of his dangerousness,” he includes in his dangerousness the dangerousness of man, of life, everything. He has improved the whole thing clear across the band the moment that he has achieved a success.

People get so badly off that they have to gamble in order to achieve such a success. In other words, they have to leave it up to something nebulous like “chance” whether they succeed or not. And you will find that most gamblers are pretty badly off. Gambling is fun on its own basis, but you will find that people who really gamble are really crazy, because they have handed their self-determinism over to Lady Luck. They are so completely undangerous to their environment that it is left to some strange monitoring factor — some system of betting on the horses or something of the sort — as to whether or not they have any effect upon their environment.

The service somatic and its use is an index of that. The person finds he cannot affect the fifth dynamic, life, so he has a service somatic to explain it to life, and of course, he has got it for himself.

He starts out with this thing, by the way, by offering it to somebody else or something else and it kicks back on him. Actually, if you look these things over, you will see that they generally arise in childhood. The little child has gotten bunged up or something; some other human being or physical force rolls into him like a Pershing tank,1 and it is actually true that he doesn’t have the physical strength to stand up to it. He doesn’t have. But his own mental health, his concept of himself, demands, actually, that he go down fighting — even though it kills him — with complete integrity as his own self-determinism. He trades the apparent death which would result for a service facsimile; he doesn’t die at that point, he cuts in a service facsimile. There is another mechanism less than death: he, to some degree, gives up his self-determinism in order to live. And this is really the central computation on a case.

These service facsimiles aren’t very mild; they are rough. But he didn’t do what he was supposed to do, which was go down fighting; he quit. Out of pain, out of miscomputation, out of something of the sort, he quit and said, “All right, I give up my self-determinism here by determining for myself a twilight. I won’t die here, I’ll just go into a twilight and I will show everybody around here what they have done to me.” And that seems the best way to stop them anyway — to hand them this semblance of an injured, sick piece of his life and so forth. So this is the best thing to do; this fixes them.

You see how shabby that piece of reasoning is! That is very shabby reasoning. I don’t care if he was only three years old and his parents insisted on beating him with a club every day. The way life is designed to run smoothly, and I mean smoothly, is on a self- determined basis.

“Never give up in the face of physical force.” That is what self-determinism says. It says, “Don’t give up.” The second a fellow does, there has to be some other reason. And he grabs this shabby piece of reasoning and says, “Well, this is it,” and he has been given a nice service facsimile.

The inexorable character of theta says, “At this point you are supposed to die. If you can’t maintain your status, that’s the end of you. If you’re too little and you find these forces too great and you haven’t got nerve enough to stand up to the agony which you are facing here — if you’re going to fold up and quit at this point — you’re supposed to quit all the way and do it all over again.”

But we temporize. We say, “Well, we’ll take a half-death. We’ll take this service facsimile, and this demonstrates that we were too sick so that we couldn’t have. We couldn’t possibly have gone through with the basic plan, and so now we’ve got to carry around this darn service facsimile.”

When I say service facsimile, of course, I mean precisely an entheta moment, an entheta facsimile, an engram — a moment of physical pain and unconsciousness which exists as a theta facsimile, or entheta facsimile — which is stored and which may be used by the individual; he can choose to use it or not choose to use it.

You understand that pain facsimiles — engrams — are used by the body in its blueprint and construction. They are definitely used. It is information to know how that particular stage of the organism failed. How do you retain that information? The only way you could possibly retain it is by the entheta facsimile of its failure.

So the body actually starts to build again, and it modifies its planning in accordance with these entheta facsimiles. So they have a survival value. This says, “How did the organism fail?” But they don’t have a survival value to the individual in one generation unless he accepts his self-determined death at a point of failure. Right away he says, “Well, let’s see, how did the organism fail?” And this is it. So he keeps offering it to himself and to everybody else, and there it is.

Now, it happens quite frequently that an individual does offer one of these service facsimiles. It happens every preclear or two. In fact, there isn’t one alive today who isn’t packing one — one, two or a dozen. And it has a very precise anatomy. This engram begins, ordinarily, as just an engram, some sort of an upset. At the end of this engram, you will find that the individual is convinced that he was wrong. During this moment of cut- down consciousness, during anaten and so forth, while he is still staggering around, he is convinced he was wrong. He turns around and offers the service facsimile in lieu of it.

Generally there is some injustice involved, in the real tough serviceable service facsimile. It won’t figure. Such-and-such happened and he knows that it happened but nobody will permit him to believe that that was what happened or they won’t let him take that out as to what happened. There is justice involved and so on. This particular engram will have something that can’t be computed at the end of it.

Now, undoubtedly a person could go through birth, he could go through all manner of automobile wrecks, everything under the sun could happen to him, and he would just take it in stride. These would be what you would call standard entheta facsimiles. Operations, childbirth, prenatal AAs1 — it doesn’t matter. They are just junk, until all of a sudden, somewhere along the line, the fellow gets an engram — usually in the first fifteen years of his life — the end of which won’t figure; it won’t compute.

Then you as the auditor come along with your techniques of start and stop motions, of scanning, of letting him try to figure his conclusions, working him over the track one way or the other, maybe even running an engram for him or running a grief charge, doing almost anything you can do and keeping your eye on the ball, knowing that somewhere along the line one of these service facsimiles is going to show up. You know that it is there. You can just take one look at the individual and see that he is carrying it. He is carrying the somatic of his service facsimile plain as day.

What can’t be computed about it? You can’t compute it for him. You have to work him around on the track on subjects allied to that service facsimile until all of a sudden he himself triggers it.

The chances are you are going to have to run out quite a bit of that service facsimile before the computation perceptics begin to show up in it. You do this by Effort Processing. You won’t get it by Standard Processing. He will skip it on Standard Processing. You start working it out on effort and a lot of things will start to show up about this thing. You will find that it normally has many, many thousands of locks on it. And as you start to work it by Effort Processing, if you want to really recognize the service facsimile, you can recognize it by the number of locks that start to fly out of it.

Now, when you are doing this, you are worrying about this lifetime; you are worrying about one lifetime only. The chances are he is going to try to back into earlier stuff. You may have to work some of that earlier stuff. If you do, try and work out as much of it as you can. You will find the service facsimile which he is using in this life got connected to, and then he pulled in with it, old past-life engrams. That is why those things show up, because they match his service facsimile, evidently, or match one of his service facsimiles. He may be using two or three; this is doubtful, though. A person is usually using just one syndrome.

Now, you run enough of this old stuff to get started again in this lifetime until he finally triggers whatever it is — the computation, the missing computation. He will start to wonder about something, and then he will start to worry about it, and you keep him scanning over areas or into areas which are associated with that worry (if he won’t go on worrying about it). You keep working with it and all of a sudden you will find a hidden incident that has this characteristic: There is a little tab of it showing usually, plus the amount that is on his body. You can go down the time track and he will keep telling you it is there. In other words, he knows it is there, but he refuses to recognize it as a service facsimile until you hit the computation on the end of it.

He will start to get an overall computation on his life; the overall computation on his life will start to narrow down to one about an area of his life, then it will start to narrow down to an incident and then it will start to narrow down to a part of an incident. And it is the part of the incident which you are working for.

Somewhere he surrendered. Somewhere he said, “From here on I can’t live.” Somewhere this happened. And there is one of those on every case. If you can just release that you are going to have people walking around about ten feet tall.

I want to call to your attention again, in relation to service facsimiles, what an individual does with motion at various levels of the tone scale. In other words, what causes levels of the tone scale?

The first level is just an adequate handling of motion — utilization and transfer of motion, not being very upset about motion of any kind. High level handling of motion of course is pleasure. Then it deteriorates till you get down to the area we are interested in, because it is the area of the service facsimile: the first antagonism. That, simply, is just receiving efforts and batting them back — entheta efforts, any effort like that.

This is retaliation. One of the best manifestations of this is when an individual somehow or other gets the idea that you are maybe attacking him, that you are motion or something of the sort, and he retaliates. He retaliates without provocation; this is the first symptom on that band. You say, “It’s a nice day,” and he looks at you and says, “Well, you needn’t make cracks about it! “ Or he just looks at you rather resentfully for having spoken to him. That is what he is doing with the motion.

Then down to 1.2 he takes in more motion and tries to freeze it. At 1.5 he is taking in motion and not giving it back out again; he is holding it, damping it out right there. That is 1.5. He doesn’t give motion back. He tries to destroy motion. The manifestation is that he becomes angry at motion in his vicinity. He demonstrates anger.

Anger is holding, the holding and damping-out of entered motion, and the motion can have entered rather deeply into the individual. When you are processing people with effort, you will find that when you are processing a 1.5 motion — this doesn’t mean a 1.5 preclear, but simply a 1.5 facsimile area — trying to damp out that motion is very interesting, because it is sort of frozen. You get it out very slowly; it is frozen to some degree. You have to play it from all angles, all vectors, work it and work it and work it. The preclear will continue to be out of valence in the engram. But you work some more motion, get this, get that and so on, and you will find that the way he is handling this is not as a somatic, but that he is handling it all through his body. Let’s say the blow came up from his feet: You will get the effort all through him of holding a motion that came up from his feet, trying to crush it out. It is a very sticky sort of an engram to monkey with.

However, it is not as bad as when you go down to 1.1. Here you have gotten to where he is not just holding the motion but he is trying to adjust to it. He is trying to be the incoming motion. He is trying to vibrate somehow to it or adjust to it in some way. This is propitiation. Covert hostility is there, too, because every once in a while he will find an area where he isn’t succumbing to that motion, and he will try to snipe through it. But he is trying to be the willow tree that is bending in the wind.

This works out in terms of a letter on a desk. You come in on somebody who happens to be in a service facsimile at 1.1 (actually, it isn’t very important where people are on the tone scale now — you can change them so darn fast), you give him a letter and you say, “Now, you answer this. You answer this letter.”“Letter? Sure.”

You walk out the door, and two days later you ask, “Did you answer the letter?” “Uh . . . yes.”

“Are you sure you answered the letter?”

“Well, I forgot. But I will answer it.” He is again going along with-your motion.

When we get down lower than that, we find out that he isn’t just letting this motion shape him, he is becoming more and more the motion which hit him. You see how that would be as you go down the tone scale? In grief, a person is filled with this motion and evidently has no motion of his own. He is all this motion. You may have noticed that a person in grief is really flabby. If you pick up the hand of a person who is in grief, it just flops.

On a little bit lower level, you touch this person’s hand and you don’t get any reaction. You can move it here and there and so on and it will stay more or less in its own shape, but you can move it around. You could take this person’s hand and put it over in an ashtray, and there would be a lag on taking it out of the ashtray — a very bad lag. In other words, you could do something damaging to this person and he wouldn’t jump. You could actually walk in to this person and say “Here’s your death warrant; sign on this line. You have to sign it, and then you get executed,” and he would go along with the motion on command. That is the level of hypnosis. When we get down the line a little bit further, it is just more of the flop, until we get to a point where the person is the motion, and that is 0.1; he is the counter-effort. You can put him into the weirdest shapes and he will stay in those shapes.

Now, if you want diagnosis, there it is. What kind of an effort are you looking for? What are you going to do to find the individual’s own effort in a service facsimile? Is there any?

In a 1.1 there is a little bit — when no one is looking. So you get a little effort; you can process some effort out of him. But on those lower bands you can’t, and that is why you can’t treat a psychotic with Effort Processing. You just can’t find enough of his own effort in the service facsimile to do much about it until you have actually moved him a bit in the service facsimile.

So what do you do with a high-level case? That is simple. On a highlevel case, you simply knock into it. You say, “What is the effort to do . . .” something or other? and he gives you an effort. Then you say, “What is the effort not to do it?” and he gives you another effort. You go on processing this way, and the next thing you know, you have wound up in a service facsimile and you are processing it out. It may go slowly, because there are also all tone bands in it, usually, so that there are various levels of it that you have to address differently than others. But it is all more or less the same; you are asking for his own effort.

So you can go into it directly as effort right at the beginning, if the person is high enough up the tone scale. And if the person is too low on the tone scale, then you go at it in reverse: You start by asking for the lightest possible computations. The computations you are going after can be so light that you are merely inviting him to recognize that there is such a thing in existence as himself as part of the human race. A-R-C. That is the lightest level you can hit. You can just say, “Well, you do exist.” This is ARC. “You exist because I imitate you and you see that I exist, so therefore you probably exist.” And in this way you get the fellow’s reality of his own existence up.

It goes from well up on the tone scale — a point where you just hit effort and knock efforts out and you run into the entheta facsimile — down to the bottom of the tone scale where you are running down through less and less sharp computations. You have to get broader and broader computations until you finally get down to the broadest computation of all, ARC: “You exist.” At that level, “I am not” is the fellow’s computation.

In short, your problem of diagnosis on case entrance is as simple as touching somebody’s hand and seeing what he does with it. It is as simple as that. You can even go to the point of feeling muscular tensions; you know about where they are on the scale. What is the person doing with his muscles? If a muscle is so bad that you can put your finger on it and the dent stays in it and then comes off, he is really in bad shape.

Do that on a fellow up at 1.5 — no dice. You can’t make a dent in that fellow’s muscle. It is that rigid. He is holding on to it. What is he doing with the motion?

Of course, the emotion that you will process out of the entheta facsimile, his service facsimile, is its key emotion. As it descends at each point, it is just exactly what the person is doing with motion at that point. That is all there is to it. It is so simple that you are liable to overlook it.

This fellow has an anger reaction; he holds hard to things, and so on. Although he doesn’t ever appear to be angry, you know it the second you trigger emotion on this thing. And you can surprise him on his service facsimile; you say, “What is the effort to turn off anger?” if you are working him on that basis. As he starts to give you that effort, he will start to get mad.

If you find that the individual flinches away from you, you are going to get fear as the key emotion that you have to crack. So you can surprise him again; you can say, “What is your effort to keep from being afraid?” And you can start on Conclusion Processing: “When have you decided to be afraid? When have you decided not to be afraid? When did you decide to associate with somebody who made you feel brave? When did you decide to associate with somebody who made you feel afraid?” Just start hitting that band. You will find his muscle tonus will change as you work Conclusion Processing against emotions. You locate what emotion it is in the service facsi mile you are shooting for, an d then you start looking for conclusions on the track with regard to that emotion.

Doing this will permit you to uncover an entheta facsimile — the service facsimile — at its own emotional level, because you have already to some degree rehabilitated the emotion elsewhere on the case.

This looks terrifically mysterious to a preclear who doesn’t know what you are doing. He gets better so much faster. And if you know your tone scale and you just look over muscle tonus — just that, all by itself — you have the fellow pegged. You shouldn’t even have to write it down. It should be such an evident fact to you that it should never get away from you; there should be no difficulty in it. What does a person do with motion as he goes down the tone scale? You know by heart what the tone scale is: It starts out from 2.0 at antagonism and goes down through anger, covert hostility, fear, grief and apathy, and that gradient scale is a scale of what he is doing with motion. It is a gradient scale of what he will do with any motion you make in his vicinity. So you should be able to estimate it very easily.

Furthermore, your preclear is sitting there right in front of you with his service facsimile hanging out, very definitely. It will be in terms of being slightly deaf in one ear, or he has glasses on or he has a potbelly or he has some terrific idiosyncrasy like smoking.

You will find out, by the way, that most confirmed tobacco users are displaying what we would call a service-facsimile forerunner, which would be a lesser service facsimile. There are bundles of service facsimiles; there are a lot of engrams and locks that tie on to any service facsimile. So an earlier or later one had to do with tobacco. There is one around there.

So, it isn’t very complex doing a diagnosis, and it certainly isn’t very complex working it out.

You can take the conquest-of-MEST formula whereby theta is trying to create, maintain, conserve, acquire, destroy, change, occupy, group and disperse MEST, and work that with a preclear on the basis of Conclusion Processing. When did he conclude to ...? When did he decide to ...? When did he decide not to ...? And if you just take all the objects and motions you can think of and add them into that formula, you will have quite a remarkable array of Straightwire and Lock Scanning questions. You have a terrific number of them there. They just add up to the stars.

Or you can go at it by running the decisions to stop, to start, to change, not to stop, not to start and not to change anywhere on the bank, relating to the various dynamics and their various parts. You have, in that, essentially the same thing.

Those are two entrances to the same object in view. One is a little more basic than the other.

Now, you know very well that a person who is holding hard to motion is going to damp out and stop all motion. If you are going to get anger off a case, you want to get all the locks of when he tried to put the brakes on somebody or something else. If you want to get it on merely a mental level, you take it just on anything that is moving: when he decided to stop it, when he decided to start things that were moving and stop them, when he decided to change things. And on a 1.5 service facsimile, you are going to find yourself with a pretty hard time right off the bat trying to get the “to start” motions. You will find it easier to maintain a motion with that case, and so on.

There is another method of diagnosis which you should not overlook, because it is the same entrance. Let’s just start asking him gunshot questions until we find out what he did in life with motion. This is going at it in reverse. Let’s find out what he did with motion and then peg him on the tone scale.

Maybe this character can’t find very many locks that had to do with starting motions. He can find some that had to do with stopping motions, though — he can find a lot of those. It is a pretty good bet that he is at 1.5. That is what he can do.

Let’s find a person who has lots of locks and incidents whereby he let motions happen; he let them occur. Of course, with this fellow you are dropping below 1.5, generally down around 1.1.

If you find merely a bare majority of these things, you are at 1.1 with this service facsimile, and if there are more, if they are getting up to almost 100 percent, this fellow is down to the catatonic range — letting motions happen. We can see that manifesting out in the society. Let’s say a car is rolling toward the curb, and an individual you would think would have done something doesn’t act until it actually hits the curb and bounces. It took the bounce to bring up his necessity level to a point where he would act. Here is a motion which is going — he won’t stop it.

These are interesting people to have on shipboard, because things start to happen fast, but they will stand and watch them happen! They will stand back from an operating motion. Furthermore, they get seasick with ease, because they can’t stop a motion that they themselves start, and they just go down the tone scale. The ship starts moving and one day they suddenly get the idea that they ought to stop this motion, particularly if it is a random motion. They will start bracing their feet to stop it, and they will brace themselves against passageways as though they are trying to stop the ship. They are at 1.5 as long as they do that, and if everything goes along well they will maintain themselves at 1.5 and they won’t get seasick; they will just get kind of sore.

But did you ever see anybody who was really seasick? They just lie on their bunks. But that isn’t what’s bad. It is when a guy slides down in the scuppers, and if you watch his head as the ship rolls, you will see his head flopping back and forth, back and forth, with the motion of the ship. He is limp — limp as a rag. He can’t stop anything, and he can’t stop his stomach action. He can’t get his balance canals lined up. He can’t do anything. As far as maintaining himself or any equipment or anything like that, you could put him on a wheel watch and he would stand there and run right square into another ship. He just would not be able to regulate himself to a point where he would do anything about motion, and the ship is moving and so forth.

You get a fellow who is hung up at 1.5 because the ship is slopping around or something of the sort — he has gotten down to 1.5 and is still trying to brace it and so forth — and you will find that this bird will cut down the speed of the ship. He will have a tendency to stop the ship for no good reason. You hear the engine-room telegraph and then you hear the engineers — “Wonder what’s going on up on the bridge? Captain’s crazy as usual, I guess.”

You ask this 1.5, “What’s the matter?”

“Well, there’s a big white patch out in the water out there. Almost ran into something.” But there is nothing there.

It is the same way with automobiles. You get somebody who stops a car often and examines it — he says something is wrong with it — or somebody who is trying to go on a long trip but he won’t maintain any kind of motion, he stops every place and he can’t keep up any time. He is actually trying to stop a car. He is at 1.5 with regard to cars, in other words.

Furthermore, the 1.5 will do the darnedest things to watches and clocks and things like that. He will take them apart and he won’t put them back together again, either. When they get down around 1.5, children will start doing this.

But you can look at what kind of locks are on the case, and you can generally tell what part of a service facsimile he is in. But remember this about a service facsimile: it is also an engram, and he can select any tone out of it that he wants.

A funny part of it is that it works both ways. If he went into this engram awfully angry and if he persisted in anger throughout this engram — that is possible, because self-determinism can operate right straight through an engram — and if this is really a service facsimile that hasn’t just been led down to but is a sudden , abrupt service facsimile that has immediately appeared in the fellow’s life, he would be angry or something like that all the way through this thing. Nothing is stopping him — he is just mad. So he holds all this motion in abeyance, and at the end of the thing somebody hits him over the head and knocks him into apathy by computation of some sort or other.

This is really a fancy one. This is a service facsimile which is being held on to, and the fellow’s effort to get at it is apathy. They will both be in the same area. He will go out of valence at this end point because it is not computable. A service facsimile is not computable. In the first place, its motion doesn’t agree with itself. Its motion doesn’t agree with what it should agree with; the motion and emotion are generally out of whack in it. Furthermore, the mood that comes at the end of it doesn’t agree with the engram as it was entered. Everything is in disagreement mechanically, verbally and computationally, so it is a beautiful bewilderment. And the only thing the fellow can do with this thing is just flick out of valence.

Now, there is a definite concordance between a service facsimile and a death facsimile. They have the same manifestations.

You want to know why somebody doesn’t get straight recall all the way back down the track? It is because of his out-of-valence flick with a death engram. He goes right out of valence. You send very many preclears back on the track — you run them through some past deaths, just experimentally — and you will find that it is very easy to locate what they were. You just run them up to the moment when they flicked out of valence and they get an impression of their own shape. But they go out of valence at death. They go into a new epicenter for their new life.

So you will find that a service facsimile is where a person gets his first serious out-of- valence jump. You can try to take a person after the facsimile and run him back to periods before the facsimile — he will be pretty confused as to where he is and so forth — and maybe you can get him into valence. Certainly at the beginning of life you can get him into valence somewhat. But you get up toward this service facsimile and he starts going out of valence. So there is another test: Where is the service facsimile on the track?

The early areas before the service facsimile are merely upsetting. He is in valence or he is out of valence; he is just mixed up. He is or isn’t out of valence, but he is not broadly way out of valence in that area. But after the service facsimile he definitely is out of valence. The service facsimile says, “I died.” He is out of valence and you can establish the fact that he is out of valence after that.

Now, this is a pretty jackleg and very rough rule of the thumb. If you go back skidding down you will find this person is very indefinite about where he is and he doesn’t quite know where he sits. It is sort of foggy but he can square it around somehow that he is lying in a crib. You get up a little later and he has some kind of an idea of something or other — in fact, there he is!

“Well, now, how are you seeing yourself?”

“Oh, just seeing myself — simple — I mean, there I am, running around in a sailor suit.”

And you say, “All right, now let’s go back...” You have already hit the first service facsimile. He is vaguely in or out, and later he is definitely out. Between the period when he is definitely out and the one when he is vaguely in or out (if this carries forward on all cases — I haven’t tested it on enough cases to really appreciate it yet) you will find a service facsimile. There may be a later facsimile on the case — another service facsimile — but it is actually part of the first package. You may get the later one before you get the earlier one, but there will probably be an earlier one then, too.

So there are a lot of ways you can skin this cat. You are looking for the engram where he first went out of valence. It has to do with how he handles motion.

If that were all you had to know — if all you had to know were Effort Processing, where he is in valence and where he is out of valence, and how to run the service facsimile — this would be a very simple subject, because that is a very simple operation.

There is nothing much to running Effort Processing. You will find that, as long as you are asking for certain efforts and the person remains out of valence in the incident, you are asking for the counter-efforts. The counter-efforts kick him out of valence because they are what impinged on him. If the effort you ask for seems to maintain him more closely in valence, then that is his effort. It is very easy to locate his effort.

Furthermore, if you want to exhaust all possible efforts on the thing, you just make him sort out the vectors — up, down, back, forth, and so on. You know that when a person falls on his feet, the impact is going to come from his feet and start traveling up as a pain wave; the impact travels up as a pain wave. What is the action of the rest of the body against that pain wave? It is a reaction down. Or the pain wave can be such a shock wave, so sharp, that there is no action down and you just get the pain wave. The pain wave is counter-effort and his reaction against the pain wave is his own effort.

Now, if something hits a fellow in the nose, his head goes back. Don’t confuse this. Sure his head goes back. But what is he trying to do internally against that blow on the nose? That impact will travel around various nerve channels and go back into the brain and toward the back of the head. His effort is to stop the pain wave. So his effort is pushing out against that pain wave. You may have to run the counter-effort slightly in order to get his effort, but you want his effort, not the counter-effort. You don’t want the pain wave, you want his effort to resist the pain wave, and if you get that the pain wave goes out.

This is a problem in vectors. You will find your preclear is mostly confused. When he goes into an engram, you ask him for his effort or somebody else’s effort or the counter-effort — or the environmental effort, which is a very good phrase for a preclear; he can understand it more clearly — and he has an awful time trying to straighten these out.

The funny part of it is that there is a part of him — the file clerk — that doesn’t have much trouble straightening it out, so you can just work with the file clerk. Just ask, “What’s your effort?” He will give you an effort. “Now, what is the environmental effort?” That is another effort. And you can actually work with the file clerk to get efforts out of a preclear.

But if you work somebody who is very low on the tone scale with Effort Processing, what kind of efforts are you going to be processing? Nothing but environmental or counter- efforts; nothing but the efforts against him. Those are the only efforts you will be able to find, because his efforts are zero. The shock wave came in and he didn’t resist it — it just ate him up. So what is the effort there? It is no effort.

However, when you ask the preclear for his effort and you get no effort, fortunately, except in the case of past deaths, there is always a little, tiny bit of residual effort — always. Just a little, tiny scrap of it, maybe, but it is enough to be there. In a past death it goes down to zero as you run through. In a service facsimile it doesn’t. Therefore, you may have trouble getting up past deaths every once in a while; the preclear starts to peel off to

0.0 and you start to pick up his actual chill, and you pick it up for two reasons: first, in the past death he is getting cold, and second, he is going back toward static, and static is cold. So there are two good reasons why your preclear gets upset a little bit toward the end of past deaths and why you as an auditor could be sloppy enough to leave a past death a little in restimulation.

The number of efforts which you are really going to get out of an engram that you are taking all to pieces is astonishing! And there is a point there: The auditor should never believe the preclear concerning the fact that there is no effort left on the incident. Just don’t believe him, because he will skip it; he will get bored with it and you will let your preclear hang up at 2.5.

He obuiously comes up. You can tell when you have gotten most of the effort out of the engram because your preclear starts looking like somebody well above 2.5. You don’t have to take his word for it, you can look at him and tell where he is. And if he doesn’t look or sound like he is above 2.5, you just haven’t got all the effort off the engram, regardless of what he says. This may upset his self-determinism no end. That is tough. It is nice that we have found out that self-determinism is so tough that it is practically indestructible. This means we can practically beat preclears over the head or do most anything we want to with them, as long as we finish off what we have to finish off in the engram. Do you understand that? This doesn’t mean the Auditor’s Code goes by the boards, but it does mean that you can be tougher occasionally. If you are going to process something which is highly authoritari an like an engra m an d a ll the efforts in the en gram , I am afraid that you as the auditor, at the moment you are processing that, are actually taking the role of the counter- effort. Your being there as the auditor permits the preclear to occupy himself. When you aren’t there, the preclear doing the processing on himself does it slightly out of valence because he is being the counter-effort. But if the auditor is sitting there being the counter-effort, the preclear doesn’t get out of valence.

So you can get tough with a preclear. The preclear says, “Oh, I’ve run all the effort out of that! I’ve run everything out of that; there’s nothing left in it. I ought to know; it’s my engram!”

You think, “Well, we got him up to 1.5 anyway,” and you say, “All right. Well, let’s just take another little test on this thing. Let’s get the effort of the pancreas to exert . . .”

He will say, “What? Where are they located?”

“Well, the pancreas is down in here. Just concentrate on this effort somewhere around here” — bong!

This is the kind of reaction you can get if the preclear is at 1.5. Actually, it is a tough job pulling a preclear through a 1.5 effort, because he has clamped down on it all the way, he is holding it like mad, and you now have to start transferring his attention off to other parts of his body so that he will let go of it. He will let go of it just that much, and then the second the somatic turns on, he holds on to the effort again.

Then you transfer his effort someplace else, but he is a little bit wary now; he is watching that slightly. You transfer his effort, and you have to get his effort very thoroughly associated with his effort somewhere else. He lets his attention up just a little bit — bang! Sometimes it takes a long time to get out one of these hard-held efforts.

But if it takes a long time to get out one of those, think how much longer it would take to find this little, tiny one one-millionth of one erg of energy which is the actual effort of the preclear and start it working on this tremendous flood of counter-effort. A person down at the bottom of the tone scale has been subjected to such a flood of counter-effort that if you as an auditor start to get authoritarian on him, you just swamp him. Therefore, when he is low on the tone scale the only thing you can work him with is ARC.

Now do you understand clearly why working a psychotic takes ARC? It is just the fact that he has such a magnitude of counter-effort that the auditor doesn’t dare kick him around. When you get him up to 1.5, maybe you have to kick him around. Sometimes when you get him up around antagonism or something like that, you practically have to beat him over the head with a club!

So an auditor has to be very facile in the way he handles a preclear. He has to be able to shift.

You can tell from the mood the preclear is demonstrating toward you about where the preclear is. Maybe he is still saying apathetically, “Oh yes, I feel wonderful, I feel very good. I felt much better yesterday than I ever felt before.” In a pig’s eye! This preclear has still got an awful lot of countereffort.

So you say, “That’s fine. That’s good. It’s too bad that you’re going to get well” — invalidating the counter-effort and so forth, if you have it in you to do that.

What can you do for him ? You c an take off a lot of self-determinism locks and so on; make some more theta available. You keep working that way. Maybe once in a while you grab on to an effort and work the effort, and then you work some more locks and you work some more efforts and some more locks and some more efforts. All of a sudden you get him up the line to a point where he is in a part of his service facsimile where he was holding. You have gotten him up, then, to 1.5, and you can shoot him on through that.

But oddly enough — this is fortunate for us in processing — at the point where he gets antagonistic, he can take a beating. At the point where he gets antagonistic, he can take a beating. When he gets up to the point of boredom, you can practically murder him without hurting him any. He is bored with the engram.

You say, “All right, I’m bored with it, too. But we’re out to get to the effort!”

“Well, if you put it that way, all right!” You have brought him down to 1.5 again — now he will work!

He will again get up to 2.5 — ”I’m bored with it!” — and actually, you have to keep shoving down his tone artificially a little bit when he gets up to that point so that he will finally fire through. Then he will come up above that level, and you will have gotten the effort out of the engram.

There will be a great temptation to you as an auditor to walk off from a service facsimile without putting all the effort that you can into auditing it out. It is a temptation to, because the preclear apparently is getting so much better that you underestimate how much better he can get! In addition to that, you are liable to get him up to propitiation and mistake it for tone 4.0.

Now, it is interesting that if you want to test people on these reactions you can do it very easily: Let a plate slide off the table. A person high on the tone scale may think “Well, it’s just a plate,” and not do anything about it, let it go. Lower on the scale, a fellow will take a slap at it. A 1.5 will grab at it in such a way as to stop its motion and break it. Down below that level there will be an ineffectual poke in its direction, and if it can be done covertly enough he will hit it a little further. But down below the 1.1 level if the plate falls, it will just fall.

“It fell.”

“But you were standing right there!”

“Well, it just fell too quick.” The person was standing right there and all he had to do was grab it.

I had a couple of men putting up a tent one time. I remember so vividly their horrible efforts at putting up this tent — terrible! Every time the tent would move and start down, of course, it would just fall. And these men would be all wound up in the canvas. They were real prizes.

Can you see why it is that low-toned people are accident prone? They will start driving a car, for instance, and the motor starts running badly but they won’t touch it. They won’t disturb that motion of the motor; they won’t change it — although it could be running without oil, it could be knocking, it could be murdering itself as a motor. “No, we just don’t disturb motion, that’s all. Motion is all over us like a tent. So, therefore, we must not disturb motion.”

A 1.5 will resist changing the course of an automobile a little bit. He will resist changing motion, he will resist changing plans, he will resist changing almost anything. Anything that is motion, he won’t start or stop or change. There is, really, status quo; there is authoritarianism, there is fascism and so on, right on that band.

But down in the lower part of the tone scale it is for a different reason that people go over the embankment. The car starts to go up over a curb and all it takes is the simplest twitch of the wheel. The car has changed direction — it has hit a bump, had a blow-out or something — and it starts up over the curb. It would only take a minor flick to bring the car back into the highway again but they won’t make it. They will just sit there with their hands on the wheel and let it go on over and fall.

This is more noticeable on an individual who is riding a bicycle. The fellow will be riding along the curb and the bicycle will start to lean too close to the curb; all this individual has to do is just shift his body the other way and the bicycle will come right back out. But if it ever starts off in the direction too close to the curb, he will lean his body to make it go the rest of the way. He will go with the motion of the bicycle. Therefore, it isn’t that he chooses a destructive motion so much as the fact that any motion that happens he will go along with.

This is what people have found to criticize in the “rabble.” Somebody stands on a balcony over in Italy and he says, “Ruh-ruh-rah-ruh-ruh-ruhruh-ruh-ruh. “

Everybody says, “Three cheers for il Duce! l Three cheers, three cheers!”

And he finally says, “War! You’re all going to go to war now. Go get your helmets. Go get your guns. Now, you’re going to attack so-and-so!” “Three cheers for il Duce!” And they go get helmets, guns and so on and go out to march. There is nothing to it. If the enemy fires, they just drop dead. They make bad soldiers, but they make a wonderfully appreciative mob out in the street! They will do anything you tell them. Right or wrong, it is a motion, so they accept it. But remember that anybody can come along right afterwards and tell them something different and they will accept that too.

Il Duce, back in his heyday, used to lecture from one balcony and let the opposition lecture from another balcony. This is a fact. We had ideas that there was no freedom of speech or something, but there was actually a revolutionary outfit which existed against il Duce. He would give them “Ruh-rah-rah-ruh” from his side, and the crowd would say, “Cheers! cheers! cheers!” And then they would turn around and somebody else would speak from another balcony and say how il Duce was all wrong — “Cheers! cheers! cheers!” Then they would turn around to il Duce — “Cheers! cheers! cheers!” It was just who happened to be there — who commanded the bayonet units.

Now, in a fascist state, it is the purpose and principle of the state to reduce people down to a point where they will go along with the motion of the state, and a fascist government will unwittingly always reduce them down to a level where they will go along with any state, any movement. So they set up their own revolutionary groups the second they do this. Therefore, only a government which restores the self-determinism of human beings is a government which is safe. Do you get the idea? In this country, our populace is not at that point. But they are sure getting there in a hurry.

I hope you have a pretty good grip on this, a pretty good understanding of this point of diagnosis for motion, what the service facsimile is and what the person will do with motion, and how to resolve it.

It buttons up to this degree: If a person can’t find his own effort, then you have no business doing anything but giving him some ARC and getting some light locks. And if he has a lot of difficulty finding his own effort, then you had better start finding the start, stop and change locks on the case. And if he can find his own effort, you work it until he gets pretty blurred on the subject and then you find the locks which belong to that effort — start and stop decisions and BO on. You could almost do it by rote. And all the time there are lots of ways to go about this, there are lots of ways to crack the problem.

What I am giving you, as well as I can, are these fundamentals. But you can still go into a case with Standard Procedure and lay it wide open. You can do nothing but run that, or specialize in shooting circuits off a case, and do it a lot of good. You can get grief charges off cases and do them a lot of good. And sometimes you will find your lower-level cases just won’t move at all unless you blow some grief.

Sometimes all you can do is exercise the fellow’s memory. He says, “I never knew anybody. I can’t remember a time when I walked through a door.”

“Well, you just walked through the door a moment ago. Do you remember that?” “Ha-ha, yeah!”

You just blew a lock.

So, you have a very full tool kit.