Here we have now, what you do or can do with a mind. You might call the title of this one "What Can Be Done With a Mind."

Notice that I am lecturing here today without any notes. I hope this doesn't upset you. The data is still factual even though I don't read it off my own writings. Go on, laugh; go on.

This is a very interesting rundown here given after all of these years and years of research. You yourself will now and then have vast qualms. You will think "Well, there's something else in this person's mind than what I am addressing." Yes, there is something else in his mind; there is a thetan, him. And that, basically, is the one thing that is thoroughly lost.

Truthfully speaking - truthfully speaking, when one looks at the amount of material which one should know about the human mind, the rest of it - I don't know how you can confront it, frankly I don't. Because it's taken me years to confront it. But of course, I was confronting it on a bit-by-bit. And I confronted tremendous quantities of super - unimportances - tremendous quantities.

If he - you ask him about did he think he would go to heaven and he'd say, "Well, I've been taking good care of my soul." You know?

You have no idea of the amount of garbage that has been shoveled out of the way, the number of whole beaches which have been removed to find one grain of sand, the number of oceans which have been drained to find the important drop of water. I think it was mainly a matter of pique on my part, just a little bit of upset that the job really wasn't hard to do, but it just hadn't been done. And I consider this a considerable imposition.

You ask him, "Do you believe in the spiritual side of life?"

If some of the fellows back down the line had just been a little less fixated on their own engrams, shall we say, why, maybe they would have seen more and maybe we wouldn't have to have done quite so much. Which brings us here to rather a shock point on the track. All of a sudden, why, we accumulate all the information. I frankly don't know why the information was not accumulated before this time of the mid- twentieth century. I frankly don't know, because it hasn't proven very difficult to accumulate.

He says, "Yes, the beautiful things have always appealed to me." You ask him, "Well, how do you think?"

Now, when I say information, most people think in terms of postulates and bric-a- brac and odds and ends. But what I'm talking about, basically, is anatomy - anatomy. The anatomy of beingness and thinkingness and livingness and so on. And that's what this immediate lecture is about: just anatomy.

And he says, "Well, I have a pretty good brain." All of these oddities. And if you ask him, "Who are you?" why, he will say, "I am John Jones."

Now, the medico has his ideas of anatomy. The chemist has his ideas of anatomy. I don't think that anybody in the field of the mind or spirit has ever had any idea of anatomy. Those are two blank areas.

Arid if you say, "Who is John Jones?" and he'll say, "A body named John Jones." You say, "What happens to you after death?"

We do have some idea, however, of physical anatomy. We do have some idea of the body and the physical universe. That - quite a bit of work has been done on that - done some of it myself back in the nineteenth century. Still an old textbook is kicking around even today on it. It was the first work done on endocrinology, the glands of the body.

And he says, "Well, you just disappear, of course. Man is ninety-seven cents' worth of chemicals." That's what he'll tell you. That's what he thinks.

Now, a chemist can tell you that there is certain composition in matter. Physicistsays, "Space is that which separates matter." I don't know if he has even that much of a definition. "Energy," he says, "does this and does that." These are quite observed and we do know that MEST has an anatomy. The anatomy of time is "tick- tock." All kinds of mechanisms have been invented and manufactured to measure time and look it over -practically everything except what time is. Many basics are missing here. Nevertheless, there is a subject called "anatomy of the physical universe" and that is studied by the chemists and physicists.

You say, "Have you ever lived before?" He'll say, "Ha-ha-ha, how silly!"

Now, the medical doctor, the resurrectionist - that's an old British term meaning a fellow who digs up bodies in the graveyard and sells them to the medical college - they had pretty good ideas of anatomy. But mental anatomy? Ah!

All of this is simply denial of self, isn't it? Hmm? Denial of his own beingness.

Here's what's amazing. It didn't even exist before 1950 - it wasn't! Everybody who said "mind" immediately thought he had escaped the whole subject of anatomy.

Well, when something has as much trouble as a thetan getting himself seen it's no wonder after a while that he begins to believe he's invisible and after a while begins to believe he's something else.Let's go back and take a look at this Reality Scale that we skimped at in the lecture on scales because it's a tremendously interesting thing. This is more or less the progress that the worst case you ever addressed would follow in totality from beginning to end. Now, this is something you could do with this case. You could advance him up the Reality Scale. And this is the scale that you would see him advance up. The Reality Scale.

"Well, 'mind' is all imaginary, see? Everything in the mind is imaginary! So why describe it?" It's very simple, isn't it? Why describe anything that's imaginary? "Well, a fellow just dreamed it up, so - so it's of course of no importance!"

The lowest level on the Reality Scale would of course be just unconsciousness. It would just be total no knowingness, no feelingriess, nothingness. You see, just unconsciousness. No awareness of any kind. Now, it takes the CCHs to pull a person up through that band.

Now, I don't think this logic was very sensible, because it certainly didn't make very many able people and it certainly didn't cure any of the things they were trying to cure. So the test of the pudding is the eating and they didn't get any pudding to eat

But the first thing that a person says when you wake him up suddenly is, "Where am I?" if he's in good shape.

- not any.

"Where am? Oh, there I am. Yeah, you know - where, ah yeah, I'm in my own room and so on - yeah." It's always this moment of orientation. Well now, this is a person in pretty good shape.

And as far as mental anatomy is concerned, we have some adventurers like Freud talking about the id and the ego and so forth. And then they sail off at once into Oedipus complexes and electrifications. I think that's why psychiatrists shock people, isn't it, because of the Electra complex. I - that would make as much sense as anything else, you know? But that wasn't anatomy. He didn't say anything was there. He was just describing conditions.

Let's look at where he would be on the Reality Scale if he were in very bad shape and unconscious and you woke him up. He would think he was somewhere else. He couldn't get it through his head that he was where he was. He would think he was somewhere else.

Now, in 1950, why, the first work was released on this subject of something being there. And there is something in the mind - there is something in the mind.

A wonderful example of this is troops in a very thorough state of exhaustion. They furnish some wonderful examples. There were some naval examples and I've had a few myself that were rather scarers of elsewhereness. In other words, he isn't where he would be at all. Now, if he was really terribly, terribly, terribly bad off, he would be somebody else when he woke up and then somewhere else. There's just little divisions in here down at the bottom of the scale of substitution. So reality would move, basically, from unconsciousness up to substitution of one kind or another.

One of the interesting proofs that startled a scientific congress less than a year ago, and which was brought out at the congress and made front-page news, was the immediate result of a Scientology experiment which went as follows: "You mock up a mass and shove it into the body. Mock up a mass and shove it into the body. Mock up a mass and shove it into the body."

Either substitution of beingness or substitution of location or substitution of plans or time or date or something of the sort, you see? But there'd be a substitution. He'd look at A and see B. You got the idea? He would look at a chair and see a cat. You get the idea.

Actually, if you carry it on for a few weeks, the person's weight changes as much as 30 pounds. He can increase his own weight by as much as 30 pounds in the process of mocking up masses and shoving them into the body. Now, mocking up masses and throwing them away; mocking up masses and throwing them away results in a decrease of weight.

Exhaustion - I'm using that now in just common use, not its World War II medical use - exhaustion meant batty. Exhaustion, however, brings about a restimulation. This person is down to one louse power and he can't take responsibility for much, so his engrams are pretty overwhumping See, everything in his mind and everything in his environment is pretty overwhelming. He's overwhumped. Very badly.

Well now, this is an imaginary mass, isn't it? The fellow after all, he just dreamed it up! Well, what's it doing weighing on a machine - a scale? What's this all about? And I imagine if you took a very, very, very sensitive spring balance which you could put somebody on that would practically wiggle with his heartbeat, you know -something that sensitive that could weigh down almost to the difference of a pencil mark - that you could actually weigh an individual mock-up. That's stretching a bit of a bow, you know, a longbow, but you probably could weigh an individual mock-up. Maybe

Irresponsibility. Level of responsibility itself is terrible. Consequently, he is delusory. If he doesn't feel he can cope with very much, if he is very tired, if he is very irresponsible - we've said the same thing in three or four different ways, don't you see? Don't worry about some case that says he is tired all the time as being any special case. He is not being a special case. He's just saying he's got too much to take responsibility for, that he can't take responsibility for it and he feels overwhelmed by it. And this sensation we know as tiredness. Got the idea? He can't put out, in other words. He can't move. He can't change. And he says this is tiredness.

someday some of you will dream up a way to do this - quite interesting.

Well, tiredness can get down to some pretty strenuous exhaustion. Have you ever swum a great distance and had your muscles become extremely painful? Or have you ever had to work for a very long time until you just didn't know what you were looking at and you're just in agony? You know? Well now, that sort of thing - that sort of thing is just common usage exhaustion.

But - long and short of it is, is mental energy has mass, mental energy has activity, it has warmth, it has motion, it obeys various electrical phenomena and rules. And you can change somebody's weight by running an engram. That's demonstrable. Get rid of an engram that makes him overweight and he'll get thin. And you can take somebody who's too thin and get rid of an engram that makes him too thin and he'll gain weight. But I don't mean on that sort of a via - not the change basis. I mean the actual mass of the engram has weight.

And a person as he moves up through unconsciousness, if he was commonly in very bad shape or very exhausted, would more or less experience the same thing. And that is, he would experience substitution.

Now, you see this best on an E-Meter. E-Meter is very interesting in that it measures density. Now, some people think an E-Meter works because of sweat. That's, by the way, the original work done on the Wheatstone bridge. They thought it measured sweat. Therefore, it's called a skin galvanometer. And an interesting experiment is to totaly powder somebody's hands so that he couldn't possibly sweat or the sweat couldn't get to the electrodes; and what do you know, it still works.

I well remember one officer, safely tied up in a US port, tied up to the stern - at the stern of a destroyer in a -an escort vessel, and he looked out the porthole, was absolutely sure that what he saw was an oncoming ship ready to cut him in half - cut his ship in half. He raced onto the bridge from his cabin, grabbed the engine room telegraphs and rang for full speed astern, screamed down the voice tubes to the engine room to wake up. Fortunately, the engines were totally dismantled. Now, this fellow was actually pretty sequitur; he actually did find engine room telegraphs.

The skin galvanometer is misnamed. All the thing is, is a resistance meter. And if you look at the guts of an E-Meter you will find nothing there but a resistance meter

But you get all sorts of weird things happening of this delusory nature that you too have experienced, such as you drive too long or ride too long in a car and you'll see fences strung across the road immediately in front of you. You'll see a barn or something like that suddenly appear immediately ahead of you, where no barn is at all. You'll see things occur. You'll add up a column of figures and add in fifteen figures that aren't there. See, all sorts of substitutions, placements, mock-ups and so forth.

- something that measures ohms.

Well, you must realize that there are people who - walking around in life - who are doing this all the time. You know, they walk across the street, but it's not a street. Do you see that? They actually feel this sensation of exhaustion and so forth. They're delusory, everything is substituted for everything. Now, that's their reality. Reality to them is a substitute. Doesn't matter what you ask them to look at, they see something else.

And the resistance of the usual body, minus a bank, is from 5,000 to 12,500 ohms. And actually males are one and females are the other. Male and female bodies have different resistances. These are electrical resistances. Now, what about an E-Meter which is measuring 28,000 ohms on a person? Now, I know I'm talking - something we don't have to know anything about at all. Don't look so dismayed.

Now, people do this in various ways. Sometimes you enter a conversation with someone and no matter what you mention, they will instantly make a substitute for what you were talking about. You cannot talk about anything consecutively with this person at all; they substitute things for everything you mention. Well, that's what we know as not answering the question. They're actually in a total comm lag, they're always on some other subject. They're not on the same subject that you're on. You get rather feeling disassociated trying to talk to such a person after a while.

An ohm is the Om mani padme of the electronics wizard. He has his own religion and he measures things which give him resistance in ohms. And just like if you had to pick up a trunk off the floor and it weighed 100 pounds, why, you'd have weight.

All right. Now let's go up just one level. Now, it's odd that we go up one level and run into this. But they don't see anything at all; it's all black. Now, they don't confront the actual environment; they curtain it. They are aware of it, however, to a sufficient extent to be able to curtain it. You have to kind of be able to be slightly aware of the lions and tigers in order to draw a black sheet in front of the lions and tigers. Don't you see?

Well, how much resistance does an electrical current meet running through a mass or so forth? This is all it is. It's just the amount of resistance and they call them ohms.

Now, this is a curtain manifestation. Such a person goes through a sort of a faintness or something of the sort as he comes up from exhaustion. He gets into a state where he just - everything kind of blacks out. Well, actually that's better than seeing something else - being blacked out or having everything look dark to you and have things that were, be, you see - than to see something else and have them look very bright. You see that? That's quite obvious.

All it means is it's more dense, more dense. Somebody who is running up to 18,000, 24,000 ohms is more dense and you see that on the tone arm of your E-Meter. When that tone arm starts up there at 5, 6 - somewhere up in there - it's going into the thousands of ohms of increase of resistance.

Now, just above this level there's an invisibility. This individual, let us say, he woke up, he ran into a man-eating tiger that wasn't there - realized suddenly it wasn't there. He went black - that is to say, he just didn't look at anything for a moment and then turns around and runs into a chair that is there. Well now, running into chairs that are there is much better than running into man-eating tigers that aren't there. You know? I think you'll agree with me on that. This person is doing an invisibility, in other words. That's the next thing up the line.

Now, what's increasing? Your pc isn't getting more dense. Well, I admit that he sounds more dense but actually physically he isn't getting more dense. There is no change in his specific gravity as far as his body is concerned.

Now, right above this we have a condition known as "elsewhere." It's elsewhereness. A wish rather than an observation occurs. He wants to be elsewhere. There's no - no rationale at all. He can confront what he is confronting directly enough to know what it is so that he wishes to be elsewhere. Got that? That's really not very good confronting. He says, "Oh! Let me out of here!" You know? That sort of thing. He's going to be elsewhere.

So this E-Meter is hooked on to another electrode called a body. And that body is hooked up to the mind. Do you understand? The only thing which could change this tremendous difference of resistance in the body would be, you might say, standing waves or electrical masses or just plain energy masses surrounding the body.

Now, right along with elsewhere we get another phenomenon of got-to-be-there. "Well, I'm stuck with it." You know? He still isn't confronting something, really; he's sort of gritting his teeth about it. Now, that's just below elsewhere, not above it. But that little stuck place is much more manifest in unconsciousness - there's nobody so stuck as somebody who is totally out. He's gone, you know, he's totally unconscious.

And true enough, when you get somebody into a grouper which is just dense, dense, dense and the whole time track is collapsed, collapsed, collapsed, why, he'll register almost off the top of the meter. In fact, the early E-Meters which we had he did measure well off the top of them.

But there's a little bit of a "stuck" right above elsewhere. Tiny, little bit less, you see? "Well, I'll stick it out!" You know? The fellow says - first the fellow says, "I can't move." That's like the - you see something terrifying in a dream and you all of a sudden realize that you can't run. You know? Well, you wish you were elsewhere and you cant be. And then - then you run, you see, and then you realize that you can't get away so you decide to turn around and face it anyway. That sort of a - of an attitude of mind. Well, that's the one I'm talking about just above elsewhere. Tiny little point, not very important.

Now, if he's totally in a dispersal and isn't there at all and is one of these wonderful detached cases, he goes off the bottom of the meter because he isn't connected up to any electrical mass at all. Matter of fact, he's sort of - not only does the body become unable to express its own density, but a thetan can pull back to a point of making an electrical vacuum where the body should be. That's pretty good, you know?

But above that is actually looking at something. Actually looking at something. Attitude toward reality is that he can look at what it is - he can observe it. We don't say from what distance, no remark about distance at all. But this distance could improve till on his own power of choice he could experience the thing rather than merely look at it. That takes a lot of nerve. It's one thing to look at a buzz saw and another thing to walk into one. Yet an individual who could totally confront a buzz saw could undoubtedly pass through one without getting a scratch. And, of course, you can't scratch a thetan anyhow. So what have you got to lose?

I mean, when an electronics man looks at this sort of thing, he'd rather - he'd rather go in for skin galvanometers usually. The explanation of sweat is much easier. And that's mostly because this energy is not always visible to the naked eye. As a matter of fact, you get somebody in rather poor condition, his facsimiles are totally invisible to everybody. But - that's a joke. Most everybody is hiding his facsimiles these days. It's the fashion. It's merely a fad, like hire-purchase or income tax. They come and they go, you know? Fads come and go. Right now they hide engrams.

Now, this Reality Scale ends, of course, at the top of being able to be there or not be there, experience it or do anything else with it or substitute for it or do anything else, but it's all on one's own determination or determinism. So you might say self- determinism actually enters in above experience. Self-determinism. Below that level it is mostly reaction. You are concerned, basically, with reaction and nothing else.

The more masses in the mind, the more dense, thick, heavy is the mind, the greater ohms of resistance there is to any current being passed through the vicinity of this mind. Do you understand that?

It is the interaction with reality - and perhaps that scale might better and more technically be called "The Scale of Interaction with Reality" or "The Attitude Toward Reality" or "What is Reality to a Person." There are people who will accept counterfeit money before they will accept real money. Now, that person would be chronically down at the dub-in level.

Audience: Yes.

There are even people lower than that. There are people lower than that who know that the only way to live is to be totally on soporifics, opium, phenobarbital, barbiturates, something like that. They know that's the only way they could possibly live is to be unconscious; the only way to be conscious is to be unconscious, you see? That's reality to them. You want to say, "Well, what's your level - what's this person's level of reality?" You find he takes a lot of drugs. Well, his level of reality is down there at unconsciousness, which means non-observation, non-participation, no responsibility. Basic desire is not to live. You start processing this person, don't be surprised if he - you finally ferret out his goals as desiring to die.

Yeah It's really quite simple.

Now, death is a wonderful solution for reality, most people think. And it's very surprising to them to come right back and find out they have to face reality all over again. This is very upsetting to a suicide who's gone to all the trouble to cure all of his ills by cutting his throat or blowing his brains out to find out when he backs out he is still carrying with him all of the mental bric-a-brac and phenomena that has been troubling him while he was inside.

Now, as an individual pulls out - a being becomes totally disconnected from a body - the body goes down to either 5,000 or 12,500 ohms. The body itself has a certain electrical resistance. A dead body has this resistance.

I got a fellow to not commit suicide one time by saying to him, "Now if - you think if you kill the body, all of your troubles would be over. Is that right?"

Now, when we've - are able to put a thetan back in his head or take him out of the head and vary a resistance meter, known as an E-Meter, obviously we must be measuring this factor of the thetan plus his own energy masses. Do you see that?

"Oh, yes, yes - but that's a funny way to put it," he says, "kill the body." He says, "I'm talking about killing me."

Now, you put an E-Meter on a dead body and you get a standard measurement. That's all there is to it. All dead bodies of one sex measure the same as all dead bodies of that sex.

And I said, "Well, do you think you could?"

Now, if this thing is going to vary around - if this E-Meter is going to vary around - something must vary it. But as Scientologists we can do an additional experiment. We can clear somebody at which time he gets just standard body resistance because his own resistances are no longer hinged onto the body, you see? They're no longer appended to the body. Or we can just kick somebody out of his head, you know? Oh, there's dozens of ways to do that.

And he thought it over and he thought it over and he finally realized that what was wrong with him was a mind that he would pack along with him if he left the body. And he said, "Oh, well what's the use? You've defeated me totally, now - I'm totally defeated. That's it."

You walk up to somebody, you say, "Try not to be three feet back of your head" and he normally will be three feet back of his head. They're on an inversion, you know? Upset him - upset him terribly, probably, might even make him ill, but it's interesting.

Now, look at these zones. Now, they are so far below the zone in which you're operating that you have to understand them by direct observation of what they are. In order to do anything for any of these states of mind, you have to be able to observe the state of mind. Not yourself as-is it - pardon me, not-is it and chop it up and throw it away, you see? You've got to be able to see what state this fellow is in before you can do anything for this fellow. You see? There's where most of your misses will come in.

Now, if someone were to jump up before a broadcast chain microphone and say - just yell into the microphone, "Be three feet back of your head" you know, good and loud like this, he probably would have casualties all over the country. People would do a bunk. They'd be hours coming back, if ever, you know? They wouldn't know quite what happened, but they would've possibly obeyed this order. It's quite interesting!

Now, basically what you're trying to do, really, is to return self determinism or power of choice to an individual -not an individual body, but a thetan. You're trying to return self-determinism, which is to say, power of choice. Now, there's a higher point than just self-determinism, as the dynamics would indicate, and we call that pan- determinism.

One Scientologist wrote a rather amusing story based on this. This fellow got on a chain broadcast network and did say, "Be three feet back of your head," and cleared earth!

A fellow who is bound and determined to fight with other people is simply incapable of determining two bodies face to face. He can't determine both of them, he can only determine one of them. Well determining one of them we would more or less think of as self-determinism. But yet, that is an interesting goal to attain. It's a high goal, you see?

Now, a Scientologist moving a thetan out of his head to a distance, finds the E-Meter dropped down to the resistance of the body - just the body. Now when he puts - has the thetan come back into the head, then the resistance is different - not necessarily higher or lower - it's just different. Get the idea?

But above that you get another goal, which is pan-determinism. And pan, of course, meaning just 'across'. We would say "pan-determinism" is across the dynamics, to be able to regulate or determine the dynamics as we go across them. In other words, it's just wider and wider and more and more determinism.

So you have a physical energy thing called an E-Meter, which on this via can measure the density of whatever is stuck to the thetan more intimately than a body. And there is something stuck to a thetan more intimately than a body - a mind. And why is it the mind's stuck more intimately to a thetan than a body? That's because he might or might not mock up bodies, but he for sure mocks up minds and then forgets he's done them and there they are.

Now, if self-determinism is a goal, now what do we have to do for somebody or what can we do for somebody in order to achieve this goal? Well, we can improve his reality. All we've got to do is improve his reality, get him up on the Reality Scale and we will get him into a state of sell-determinism.

In other words, we're not dealing here with some ephemeral, esoteric, mystic substance called the mind at all. We're not dealing with such a substance at all. We're dealing with something which, to you as a Scientologist, will become as visible and as handleable as butterfly nets or steel cables or ashtrays or something. You know it's there and you can do something about it and so forth.

And if we improve his self-determinism then we will get him up to a state where he can be pan-determined. Now, the fellow who can sit in a restaurant and by looking at the waitress have her walk over and serve him is exercising pan-determinism.

Well, as I say, most of the people you'll be operating on haven't the courtesy of making their engrams visible. They're ashamed of them or something of this sort and as a result you sort of work in the dark And the best tool to work with known is actually, aside from your own powers of observation and knowingness, is an E Meter And this is a an interesting tool It tells you directly whether or not an engram is in restimulation or not. It tells you directly by this tone arm reading how much mass has accumulated in this person's mind.

There's even a higher level of pan-determinism, which is let the waitress wait on other customers, too.

Now when we say - when we say mass, of course, we mean just mass. Anything has mass. But you could imagine a gauzy, filmy sponge couldn't you that the light would shine directly through and - you could imagine that. Now imagine it just a little less light you know a little less opaque, you might say, so that light could go through much more easily. Now you can imagine it not being there and still understand that there is some mass there. Well thats a ridge. That would be the best way to debcribe a ridge, It's a piece of mass that doesn't stop or reflect light. That's a mind.

Now, that's all very well to say what can we do with this mind, what can we do with this person. That's all very well to say that but what do we mean, specifically, when we say "improve his reality"? Well, this Reality Scale is the attitudes toward reality and it totally stems from backing away from reality and then making it invisible, you see, and then blacking it out and then having some entirely different reality to stand in its place.

Now, the mind has basically, you might think, pictures and track and significances. No, no. A mind has in it matter, energy, space and its own time factors. It has just exactly in it what the physical universe has in it, plus one thing - postulates.

After years and years to be able to sum it all up and say, "This is the way it is," is rather fantastic because this is just all it is, you know? There aren't any trick combinations of the safe. It's very simple.

Now, the physical universe may or may not have postulates in it. We don't care about that. It's just matter, energy, space and time. But a mind also has postulates in it.

What happened to his reality? Well, he backed away from it. That's all. That's what happened to his reality. How'd he get down the Reality Scale? By running - by running away. That's how he got down the Reality Scale. Now you say, why did he run away? We're asking another question. Well, we've got the answer to that, too. Why did he back off, no longer confront - stop experience and start confronting - the spectator? See? Stop being the spectator and see nothing. Stop seeing nothing and drop a black curtain. Stop dropping black curtains and see something else entirely different. What did he do this for? Why?

Now, I described to you originally four universes. You probably wondered and got these mixed up with the dynamics to some degree. Well, doesn't matter whether you did or didn't. These four universes are merely those things on which we have positive anatomy. That's all, see? The second dynamic doesn't have anatomy so much as purpose or an urge, you see? But the universe of the mind certainly does have an anatomy. And it's about the most precise anatomy you ever cared to look at.

It all comes about in a phenomenon known as overt-act motivator sequence - the overt-act motivator sequence. Now, the overt-act motivator sequence is the general term that applies to this. Something happened to the individual and then he did this to somebody else. That's really a basic overt-act motivator sequence, see? That the motivator is when something happened to the person and the overt act is when he did it to somebody else. You got that? Simple. Something happened to him and then he did it to somebody else.

Now, whatever the significance of these masses, these spaces, these energies and time, they are just matter, energy, space and time. Matter - you got a wall. Energy - you have a light. Space - you have the distance between these walls. And time - you have the progressive, instant-to-instant progress of change. Well, they're visible in the physical universe. They exist just the same in the mind. They're just the same. You have matter, you have energy, you have space and you have time - and postulates.

There's another situation whereby he did it to somebody else before it happened to him. Now he goes around -we call this the DED-DEDEX. You needn't be troubled too much with the term, but you realize that the overt act-motivator sequence can be in reverse - he did it to somebody, then he went around all the time expecting it to happen to him. See? He ran over somebody. You find most people in traffic accidents who have inadvertently run over somebody, who themselves have not been run over, will now start worrying about getting run over. See? That's the DED-DEDEX. That's just the flip. Overt act-motivator sequence means that it happened to him and then he made it happen to somebody else.

Now, of course these things accumulate into different forms and different significances. Now, we know what creates the mind today. And most people run when you tell them, "You create your own mind. That horrible picture with the terrible teeth in it, that daily bites off your nose at 10:22, is of your own manufacture." And of course, the first thing they say is, "No", because that's why it can bite their nose off, because they deny that they manufactured it. If they admitted that they manufactured it, it would go "whhhh."

Now, you don't care which one of these you're looking at, whether it's overt act- motivator sequence or DED-DEDEX. This is why you don't care: is nothing happened to a thetan before he committed his first act or made his first effect on somebody else. Nothing could have reached him until he reached. So the basis on the line is really the DED-DEDEX. Unmotivated causation, you could call this and be very technical and frown, call on the students, "Define unmotivated causation." You see? Very, very learned. And it merely means the fellow did something without it being done to him. No provocation, no provocation, he simply walked out and zapped somebody - thought it would be a good idea, he zapped somebody. Maybe only after that he found out it hurt the other fellow or it was bad or something of the sort. Only after that did he discover that. So he'd say, "Oh oh, that fellow got hurt, therefore what I did is bad. Gee, if somebody zapped me then I could be hurt. I'd better be careful not to get zapped."

So, one of the prime principles you must know about any universe is to keep it in a good, messy, chaotic, solid, disordered form - is to take no responsibility for ever having created it. Say "God did it." You've practically got it made! And the more you say, "God did it," the more solid the universe is going to get - if you made it up. Get the idea?

Well, this is quite a trick, to give you the basic philosophic anatomy of this. This is quite a trick, because somebody had to pretend to be hurt long before he was ever hurt. That's something to know.

Listen, if God made it and that was the true ownership of it, it would disappear! Because that's assignment of proper ownership; that's taking a full responsibility for it. That's understanding exactly what its source was. And it would disappear, just like that.

People go around putting up an example of how injured they are, hoping that other people will get the idea that their causation toward them is injurious. This is the basic plot. People go around putting up an example of having been injured. They put up examples of what is injurious. Therefore they make other people guilty of overt acts.

So you get these lies kicking around about who made what and why, in somebody's mind and you get persistence. So you have these still pictures, you have machines, you have circuits, you have other things that are persisting.

One of the funniest things you can do to a child, and if you do it consistently and often it - suddenly the child will see the point and get the joke - is the child will come up and touch you in the hand. You say, "Ow, ow, ow, ow" and nurse your hand, you know? And the child will look and they say, "Mm! Gee-whiz, mmmm, you know, did - did I hurt you?" And so forth. And get all upset, you know? And next time the child inadvertently jostles you, you say, "Ow, ow, ow, ow, ow!" Then jostle the child, you know? Child says, "Something's wrong here. This is - this is a gag." You know? Pretty soon they'll start playing it as a game. Actually it discharges an awful lot of locks off the track. You know?

Why are they persisting? Why are they troubling this person? Why every morning when he wakes up does he hear his poor old dead mother say, "Well now, Roger, get out of bed; you'll never make any money lying in bed. You're just like your father, always lying in bed, never making any money. You're just like your father!" And he listens to this every morning. He's maybe by fifty about this time, you know, and his mother has been dead for years. And he gets up in the morning and this thing says, "Roger, get out of bed. You're just like your father" see, over and over and over and over. Sometimes they - people have spirit voices. This is just an example of a spirit voice. It's a circuit.

You can get so you touch them, you know, on the nose or something like that, and they'll say, "Ow, ow, ow, ow, ow," then just laugh and think that's very funny, you see? And if you get them to line charging on this -because this is the basic inter- association which collapses self-determinism. First it collapses pan-determinism and the individual gets on one side. He does something; somebody else appears injured so he decides that he'd better watch his acts and he's in self-determinism, you see? Then he gets the idea that everybody he touches he maims; he realizes he's bad cause. He goes around worrying about it happening to him and you've set in with other-determinism.

Well, circuits are no mystery in this day of electronics. But just how a thetan imbues some sort of a mass in his mind with the power of independent speech could be a mystery to you unless you realize that all he had to do was mock it up and say it was something else and he never had anything to do with it and he didn't like it and there it was and he resisted it, don't you see? And after that - after he's mocked it up and then said he didn't mock it up, he's entered enough of a lie to get it to persist. You see? Well of course, when it - when it's a circuit of Mother, it was simply a copy of her voice, a copy of her voice, a copy of her voice. But who was making the copy? Maybe Mother was making the voice, but who was making the copy of the voice? See? Preclear was, of course.

Now, this is basically what you cure a person of as you bring him up the Reality Scale. You cure him of other-determinism. Now, if you don't think other-determinism can't be very interesting in a mind, you have not yet seen somebody do flip-flops out of a chair and land on his head in the corner.

Well, he confuses the actual voice with making a copy of the voice. And when he hears this thing speak, it says this is - he says, "This is Mother." It's not Mother, it's a copy of Mother. Thus he makes a mistake. Thus he can have some wonderful, esoteric gadget known as a circuit. You'll run into a circuit someday. They're really wild! They're really, really very amusing, some of these circuits.

This individual will be sitting there and you're running a series of locks of one kind or another and you suddenly run into something and all of a sudden his head begins to turn. And he says, "What's doing that?"

Socrates had one, by the way. Called it his demon. He always asked it for advice. It just shows you how you can finally wind up getting a throat full of hemlock, too.

And you say, "What's doing what?" "What's turning my head?"

Probably said, "Socrates, it's time to drink that stuff" Circuits are not necessarily your friends, believe me! You've mocked them up. You've disowned them. Do you think things are friendly that you disown totally?

You say, "Is something turning your head?"

Did you ever disown another person totally and have him continue to be friendly with you? No, I don't think you ever did. Banks are not necessarily kind to their creators. This is what most people are upset about when they say, "I have something wrong with my mind," or, "I have some disability of one character or another." Something is picking on them. Well, they disowned the whole thing and after that it can pick on them.

"Yeah, you're darn right there's something turning my head! I don't know what this- oww-oww-oww-oww-oww!" And then all of a sudden do a flip over and practically land on his head on the floor, you know?

It's very remarkable. If you want to start a fight without ever uttering a threatening word or anything, you can always do so by taking no responsibility of any kind for another person that you're in close association with. Just take no responsibility.

He didn't make a single voluntary motion, didn't make any decision to have this happen at all. You're seeing a very mysterious other-determinism at work in terms of physical force. And this is the most awe inspiring thing to watch, somebody running head-on into other-determinism in an engram which overwhelms his determinism so completely that he goes through the physical motions of the engram. You'll see somebody jumping up and down and so forth. Maybe they don't classify it - it is other-determinism at work - but maybe it doesn't classify so well.

Never help him through a door, never open the door for him, never offer him a cigarette, never do anything, you see? Never take any responsibility for any of his comfort or anything. When he says something, don't reply. In other words, take no responsibility for him of any kind whatsoever. Never let him confide a trouble. Never listen to him in any way. You'll wind up with a fight on your hands, that's for sure, won't you?

All of a sudden their head starts going back and they say, "I don't know why my head's going back!" They actually are not doing it themselves directly. They're doing it on a series of irresponsible vias, you see, and it looks like other-determinism.

Well, similaly, people who do this with their minds wind up with a mind on their hands. That can be sometimes a good, heavy one that registers very, very high on an E-Meter.

Finally their whole life gets to be one long parade of other-determinism.

Now, a circuit is a - that's a novelty. You won't often run into circuits. Lots of people have them and are them.

Now, you can run this out directly as you do in the CCHs. You just set yourself up as a locatable other-determinism and show the individual that it isn't going to kill them. And that's probably why the basic low-scale CCHs work. You just set yourself up as another determinism one way or the other, and you show the pe he can be manipulated. But it's a known other-determinism.

Lots of times you'll run Havingness on somebody. The circuit that be is being will move out from where he is and he will be terribly upset. You've just gotten rid of his thinkingness, his voice and his beingness. And he'll go. "Glub, glub, ya-am. Hooo!" And he'll say, "Well, I feel like a differrent person." Yeah, you've probably got another circuit that's ready to move out now.

What's horrifying is one of these unknown other-determinisms, you know? The individual all of a sudden watches his hand go up in the air. Well, what's raising his hand up in the air, you know? All of a sudden his hand starts to wave goodbye in some fashion. He'll say, "There's something wrong with me!" Yeah, there's something wrong with him. He's got determinism on another via. He doesn't take any responsibility for it and it'll actually go into physical action on other-determinism. So don't think that other-determinism can't be serious to somebody as a mental problem. If it can be serious as a physical problem, be sure it can be serious as a mental problem.

Well, that's curiosa. Circuits are not terribly important. They're just something that passes by in processing. You don't pay much attention to them. But you should know what they are. The fellow gets visited every night by demons - black thetans come in and see him every night. That's just a case of circuits, you see? Oh, they can mock up some wonderful circuits, too.

This individual decides to invest some money. And for some reason or other he picks up the worst possible investment that he could pick up and then just goes mad when somebody won't let him invest everything he has in the world in this sure lose.

Now, a man can mock up his whole mind outside of himself as a totally clear mind. He can mock up something that he calls the god Throgmagog that knows everything, that gives him all sorts of advice and that is terribly brilliant and is totally capable of managing and running his whole life for him. Well, it's bright! You can, on a via, examine - on an examination paper - the god Throgmagog, see. But how do you

That's an example of other-determinism. Self-invalidation and so forth all come under this heading.

have to get this fellow to get him to do this so that that Throgmagog is totally persistent? Well, you have to get the fellow in a state of total irresponsibility and tell him to do it while he's in a state of total irresponsibility. And that we call hypnotism.

Now, as an individual goes down scale, he believes he has hurt others or he has been such bad cause that he daren't immediately confront up to the bad cause. You see? So he backs off from being bad cause and we get into well, he's - stays there and examines it, then he decides to be elsewhere. Then he decides to just make it invisible; then he draws a curtain in front of bad cause and then he himself dubs in something else.

Hypnotism is a solved subject today in Scientology. All it is is reducing an individual's responsibility down to a point where he is total effect. And if you can do this, then some very powerful manifestations will show up and he'll be the total effect of all of them. They're actually not powerful at all.

You never saw a murderer yet who didn't have a total alibi for his totally brutal murder. It's just wonderful, he's got a total dub-in going on the whole subject. He won't even give you the right time and place of the murder, which is what's wonderful. Very often give you a totally erroneous idea of the time and place of a murder.

Let's take a one - grasshopper-power steam engine and a one-beetle-power Caterpillar tractor. Now, these two are of comparable force. Now, let's take the Caterpillar and move it down from one beetle power to one louse power. Now, of course, to this louse-power Caterpillar, this grasshopper-powered thing, steam engine, will look awfully big and powerful, won't it, huh?

The worst witness in a murder trial is the murderer. Police know this so that in most countries they don't accept a confession to murder. They won't accept one. When a murder is committed, they have crews of people showing up in the police offices confessing to it. They never even knew the person, yet they come in and confess to the murder. It's just an other-determinism at work - they're helpless. Their reality on the situation is total substitute. Don't you see?

Well, that's what hypnotism does and the apparent powerfulnesses of hypnotism simply consist of removing an individual down scale in weakness to a point where circuitry and that sort of thing looks terribly powerful. You get the idea? You could always make somebody twelve feet tall by shrinking yourself. And that's, in essence, what happens.

Now, it is one thing to look at a case as a whole case - one thing to look at a case as a whole case, of totally in that state, and quite another thing to look at selected states. See, there's a difference. We've been speaking more or less generally of people who are totally in this condition.

Well, these things become totally powerful simply because the individual takes no responsibility for them. In the first place, the hypnotist told him to mock it up. Well, he mocked it up. Now he takes no responsibility for it. Of course, it's apparently very powerful. Get the idea?

Now, let's look at locks, secondaries, engrams. These things are pretty much other- determined. The individual's doing them on a via and so forth and they're pretty much other-determined. When one of these gets into restimulation, his behavior with regard to the subject of the engram, becomes on that subject only, low on the Reality Scale. Got that? That's low on the Reality Scale - that subject only.

There are numerous experiments of this character that can be undertaken. Circuits can be implanted, various phenomena can be brought up and worked with in the field of the mind, merely by handling this factor of responsibility. You just make a person totally irresponsible, you've got it made.

Maybe the subject is bureaus. And let's take it as low on the Reality Scale as not-is, just total invisibility. This fellow's always running into bureaus. There's a bureau in the engram which goes into restimulation most easily in his case, you see, and he walks in a room and he runs into a bureau - clank! He just never sees bureaus.

You want to hypnotize anybody in the whole world - a hypnotist can only do 22 percent or something like that. It's about the same number as the automatic cure number. It doesn't matter what you do for 22 percent of the people - give them flour pills or wave a magic wand or show them a magic healing crystal or invite them into a psychoanalytic consultation, they get well. Twenty-two percent will get well, no matter what you do for them. That's an interesting factor.

They're invisible. Doors are visible, wives are visible, cats, kings, coal heavers - they're visible, movies are visible unless there's a bureau in one. Get the idea? Now, that's just a selective unreality. But it's the unreality of invisibility.

It's only when the cure rate of a subject or profession drops below 22 that you can ask the embarrassing question, "What are you doing to not get your 22 percent?"

Now, similarly, you would be utterly amazed how many people are way down on the subject of dub-in on many subjects, very selective. Very selective subjects on dub-in. An individual is leading a perfectly decent life and he's pretty effective and everything's fine, but the engram that goes into restimulation is so severe in its other-determinism, threatens so much to him as a person, that its content that is in restimulation, when duplicated in the physical universe, has to be something else.

Now, that's an automatic factor. Twenty-two percent of the preclears you process - practically doesn't matter what you run on them, they sit down in the chair, they get well. As a consequence, we're interested in the other 78 percent - much more interested, because we know then that it will be factual.

And you'll get some wild ones on this.

You must - in doing research work, by the way - you must be very careful with this factor. You can take one or two cases, you see, and have something work like the living daylights. You know, just wham! Just, "Oh, boy! Is this something," you see? And then never have it work again! You see, because you ran another twenty cases but these twenty cases didn't fall within this 22 percent field, you see? So apparently you have something that's very, very workable.

This person isn't like this in most subjects but every time he sees a gas pump, he sees a leaking hose. All gas pumps have leaking hose. He can dub in a leaking hose - this is not a bad one - he can dub in a leaking hose to the degree that he can smell gas leaking every time he sees a gas pump. See?

Most of these accidental, miraculous cures that you read about in papers and so forth, merely fall within this 22 percent. And you can make these miraculous cures too just by snapping your fingers or waving your hand around in some interesting pattern, you know, or chanting some odd process, just almost at random. The person gets well. Don't fool yourselves!

What do you think about that there? He smells it, sees it, he goes around telling everybody, "I'm sure there are gas leaks here. Absolutely certain that there are gas leaks." He'd swear to you that there's a gas leak. And he never lets anybody rest on the subject of gas pumps, don't you see? Yeah, you could show him that there isn't a leak, that it's perfectly all right, that there's nothing wrong with it at all, and he would still smell the leak.

You have to know something to get the 78! Now you really have to know what you're doing. You start getting something like 50 percent, which was old Dianetics, and you're really going places. And I don't know where we're chomping in now but it's up around maybe, maybe 91, 2, 3 with the average auditor that knows the modern processes. It's high!

Now, that's a very easily seen substitution, isn't it? That's merely gas pump, something wrong with. Now, there are much worse than that. Much worse than that.

It's maybe not that high on HAS Co-audit. I understand there were four people out of about twenty who were not making startling gains in a co-auditing muzzled class of a few weeks ago. You see? Actually they merely hadn't been assessed properly and so on. But it was just a co-audit class, so you just chalk it up to accidental, you see?

The last five people that walked by the front of this building, every one of them, had at least one major substitution in progress he'd never call anybody's attention to, because he doesn't notice it himself. He only notices the substitute. All dogs are Alsatians. See, he sees little poodles and he sees dachshunds and he sees collies and springers and any dog - and this dog, running down the street, is an Alsatian. And he sees an Alsatian.

Well, that's roughly 80 percent were making excellent gains, you see? We've no business to make 80 percent actually wonderful gains, unless we know our business. Well, that was on a co-audit where everybody was running muzzled and there weren't any auditors present except the Instructor, you see, running a whole bunch of people. So if we're this good, why, we've certainly - are traveling on know-how now, not on the accidental 22 that has fooled so many healing professions in the past.

Never comments on it to himself; doesn't seem strange to him at all because one of the things most apparent about a low reality is low cognition. Seems perfectly reasonable to him that the world is peopled only with Alsatians. Perfectly reasonable What else is there? And this is what he will tell you, and this is whats makes your job so tough. What else is there but Alsatians? See, the fact proves itself.

You know, some fellow is - you'll find practitioners stuck on this. It's one to beware - it's one to beware definitely! He said, "And all I said to the girl was - all I said to the girl was, 'Get the idea of being perfectly mated.' And you know, she instantly got well! And she's been in wonderful condition ever since!" And this fellow runs around trying to get other people to recover by telling them that they should be perfectly mated, you see? And the poor fellow, it wouldn't have mattered what he told the girl, you see? That was the fooler. He could have told her, "Get the idea that you've got to wash your feet every night," and you'd get the same thing, you see? She was just one of the miraculous 22.

And you say, "Well, what is that over there?" And you point to a door. And he'll say, "Well, that's a door"

Well, these are cases to beware of because they're mostly hypnotic subjects and when you look at them you'll see their eyelids flutter slightly and so forth. They haven't any basic responsibility, they live totally on your responsibility and nobody else's.

"And what's that?"

Now, hypnotism is simply that activity which inculcates a total irresponsibility or a near total irresponsibility on the part of the subject. And anything which does this brings about an hypnotic trance in anyone. If you could keep on and on and on explaining to somebody how he had no responsibility for that wall, after a while he'd just walk up to it and stick to it. And if you really convinced him, you know, he'd finally stick to the wall. It would be there. He'd go to sleep at night and he'd still have the wall there, you see. He would - he'd even make mock-ups of the wall and so on, in a fabulous state of - he'd feel that he wall still in the room. You can produce all sorts of wild phenomena simply by reducing the responsibility factor.

"That's a doorknob." And about that time, why, a great big brute of a Saint Bernard goes down the street and you say, "What's that?"

Now, as an auditor you have a different vector. You're going in the opposite direction and you are increasing the responsibility factor. Now, if you increase a person's

And he'll say, "That's an Alsatian." He hasn't got the name wrong, that's what he sees.

responsibility for these various phenomena, they as-is. His ability to handle them as- ises.

Now, some people are like this with regard to their fellow human beings to such a degree - now, you understand that we're - we haven't moved off subject here - to such a degree that when they see one person they automatically and at once see another person.

So let's look over here at these two engines of the grasshopper-power and the beetle-power and let's take the beetle powered engine and make it one tiger-power instead of reducing it down to one louse power. You got the idea? Entirely different proposition. But the trouble is, so many beautifully interesting phenomena disappear when we do this. People no longer have demons visiting in the middle of the night. They no longer bleed in the proper thorn places on the proper Saint days and so forth. It's quite interesting. I'm not being sarcastic. I'm just showing you these are the anatomy factors involved in all of this.

Now, you'll see this one. This is an easy one to observe because they call Bill, Joe and Joe, Pete and they scramble names and they don't quite know who to call what, you know? And they get, you know, "Well, hello, uh, Bi-J-Joe." You know, "How are you?" They're not stammering on anything, just this - that name, see?

Now, the mind is there then, if it is there at all, to the degree that the individual is not taking responsibility for it. And that at once answers how much mental bric-a- brac an individual has. And it's all bric-a-brac.

Well, they aren't slipping in names; they're actually doing a substitute. Now, maybe this day Joe wore the kind of a jacket that they were used to seeing on Bill, you see? So that is a lead-in toward a substitute. But that you wouldn't say is very crazy.

If you were interested in having bric-a-brac around, and you were quite able, you would simply mock it up and tell it to persist. It would persist until you didn't want it and then it wouldn't persist. If you wanted rattling chains to rattle, and old tin cans and things that thetans cart around with them to manifest, you would simply mock them up - and they'd be much better mock-ups than these automatic mock-ups, believe me.

No, let's take one that is really daffy. All women, to this fellow, have substituted in their place, Mother - all women are Mother. And he'll get upset and impatient with women that are close to him if they don't dress just the way Mother dressed. If they don't bake and act - because this is destroying his reality. "What reality?" you say. Yeah, well, it's a reality of sorts. You get the idea? He gets upset with any woman who doesn't immediately and at once do exactly what Mother would do in a given situation. But when you try to process this fellow, you ask him to mock up a woman and you get a total automaticity. You get - he tries to mock up a woman and he gets Mother. And he tries to mock up Mother and he gets another woman. And he tries to mock up a blonde and he gets a redhead and he gets a - it turns into a brunette and it turns into a nude and it turns into a grand lady and it turns into the queen. You see, just brrrr, brrr, boom, zsst, bzssst!

But thetans get the idea that things have disappeared on them so often, they want to fix themselves up so nothing will disappear. And that's where we get these original postulates. Now he's forgotten that he did it and as the millennia goes on, why, the shark keeps biting his head off and it was intended to bite off an enemy's head any time the enemy attacked the thetan, you see? Now it's reverse end to, and he swapped valences and he's on the target end of something he really intended to be on the sending end of. See, he mocked up a shark and any time a thetan attacked him then the shark was supposed to bite the attacking thetan, you see, or anything the attacking thetan had. A very simple mechanism. But after a while he's been attacked so often that he considers himself an attacked thetan - he starts to attack something and the shark bites him. You get the idea? He gets all confused about all this thing. And then we get this mishmash that most people call a mind.

He'll say, "What's that? Well, what's that?" The silly fool, he's been living with it all of his life. What's he doing saying "What's that?" Well, that's his reality, so of course that's reality to him, so he says "What's that?"

Well, the mind doesn't think. It doesn't remember, doesn't do anything. It simply exists. If anything is going to be done with this mind, then the owner of it has to do it himself. And then of course, if he's on a low responsibility kick he says then, "My mind did that." He has to do it himself and then hide from himself the fact that he did it in order to have anything happen in the mind, so that the mind is informing him.

You've now shaken this bad or untrue or lying reality. You've shaken it. And when he sees it start moving he's not worried so much because he's going to change. He's afraid he'll lose his reality. And that's what he's liable to tell you.

Now, this fellow has a mathematics circuit and he's got this mathematics circuit all set up. Every time he thinks 2 + 2, why, the mathematics circuit says, "4." Nice, huh? Good. That's fine. How did it know how to say 4? That's a burning question. How did it know how to say 4? Well, he had to know that it would say 4 before it could say 4. You'll find this is true.

But what's his reality? That all women are Mother. See how this would work? All women are Mother. And you're going to fix him up so women are different people! Now, he knows what's safe. Now, there's a case of dub-in or substitution in the physical universe just looking at other people. And boy, that's a common one. That's common. Sometimes it's so light that it only applies to brunettes. Every time this man sees a brunette girl, he immediately looks at - oh, a girl named Julia back in the Roman Empire. See? He never sees a brunette, he always sees Julia in the Roman Empire. Don't you see? Doesn't have any other upsets.

In navigation, they say that a navigator is no good unless he knows intuitively whether or not his latitude and longitude position, as computed, is correct. You find this in Lecky, many of the navigational textbooks. A good navigator has an intuitive knowledge of the correctness of a computation. He's no good, otherwise. You got an

Now, there's a process that shows these realities up rather easily. You have an individual mock up a man. Mock up a man. Mock up a man. Mock up a man. Mock up a man. Mock up a man. This is a Creative Process. They're good test processes more than anything else. Mock up a man. Now you say, "Good. Now, did you do all those?"

ensign or something; sub-lieutenant. But what is he doing using figures to find out what or where he is in the first place?

"Yeah."

But here we have demanded professionally that somebody's actual knowingness come up on the surface and simply be knowingness, not a circuit, so that anything the mind knows, the fellow has to know in the first place before the mind can know it. And the fellow then has to hide it from himself that he does know it, so he can listen to his mind tell him. This is one of these wild contrivances, you know?

"Oh, good, you did all this, that's fine. Now, did any other character show up while you were doing ...

You have a big telephone conversation with yourself, whereby you're in a booth and the telephone wires run around in the room and come into the speaker, you see?

"Oh, yes. There's this bald-headed fellow moved in over here from the left."

And you hold this involved conversation with yourself but you put a lag on it someplace or another so you'll be fooled. Without noticing that you say, "Hello, Bill," why, the speaker says, "hello, Bill." And you say, "Isn't that cute? Isn't that nice?"

Now, you want a picnic? This was an automatic, uncalled-for person that suddenly showed up. Now, you've just struck a substitution here someplace or another; he's got a substitute on men. Most people have a substitute of one kind or another, so this is a very common experiment.

Well, that's basically what this universe of the mind is all about. Now, I won't go so far as to say that the body and the physical universe obey the same laws, because they're a bit more solid and they're a bit more detached and that wouldn't be too real to people. But they can prove this in this universe of the mind rather easily. The solidities, its masses, its flows, its circuits, its other bric-a-brac one kind or another, all follows this very observedly.

You take this individual and you say, "Good. Mock up that baldheaded man." Boy, you've asked for it! Because, you see, you've picked up the person - the substitute fixe'. You see, you've picked up the basic male substitute for the whole bank. And of course when he tries to mock up this man that turned up accidentally, it goes, brrrt! and flies zoom, zoom! and got him exposed, and it goes brrrum, brrmpt! And he tries to get it uhummp! And he says, "What are all these col - I don't know, I've got a spear through me. I-what he-duh-get the horses off of me!"

And you ask an individual what part of a picture he can be responsible for and it's staring at him, and he's staring at it and it's about to eat him up or something of the sort. And he finally looks around and decides he could be responsible for the place where it is, but nothing much else. And then he's responsible for this about it and that about it, and the next thing you know the thing dims out and gets stronger and dims out and starts changing and moves in time and pretty soon resolves.

Now, in other words, a mental image picture showed up on its own determinism and not with the pc's determinism. So you have an example here of other-determinism, don't you?

If your pc is in any kind of a good condition at all, he can do just almost nothing but a responsibility process from beginning to end of a clearing. He has to be in pretty good condition before he can start in on such a line. It's a rather high-level approach.

Well, you start to ask the individual to determine, himself, another determinism and you start directly knocking out the other-determinism. And you get the rest of the phenomena that comes along with it. And it sometimes looks like Bastille Day.

Your big contest is to get somebody up to a point where he can be responsible enough to run responsibility. Otherwise it's just a word or a symbol to them. They're not really taking responsibility, they're just doing what you said because you said to.

Now, what can you do with all these phenomena? Now, this fellow that showed up actually was not just a ghost who moves around in the bank, although we often call them ghosts, just as such. "Spooks" we call them, rather - ghosts and spooks. There are individuals walking around who have these people always walking alongside of them or always standing in front of them or always sailing along over their heads and so on.

All right, now, that's what holds the anatomy of the mind in place. Person puts it there and gets it to persist and forgets that he did it and takes no responsibility for having done it and he gets a persistence of one character or another.

You say - you process one for a little while and you process somebody for a little while and he tells you with great amazement, "Well, do you know that my cousin Bill has always been standing over right over there! Always has been there." This seems very amazing to him. Well, that's because he now detects another reality. And when it was totally real to him, on a total unthinking realness, you see, he never noticed it. Because part of the reality was not to notice it, as it was an unconscious reality.

Now, the various items, the actual items in the mind, in which you're interested - I mentioned one, an esoteric item - circuits. Talking gramophone records and - they do all sorts of things, these circuits do.

You start to raise his Reality Scale and he sees it. Get the idea? He gets up above - a little bit above substitution and he realizes "That couldn't be Bill!" First he sees Bill and then that couldn't be Bill because Bill isn't there. Therefore it's a substitute for Bill. The immediate next thing that usually happens is the area goes black. Chk! And then it goes invisible. Chk! And the next thing you know, he sees Bill in a moment of duress. See, Bill was about to fall over a cliff one day when they were both out to camp or something like that and he's very frightened about it and so on. And they did something and it was kind of his fault that Bill kind of fell over the cliff and Bill was done in a little bit and it's upset him. And all of these things are simply mock- ups - excuse me, dub-ins stemming from an actual thing he couldn't confront. The reason he couldn't confront is he felt he was responsible for Bill's accident. You see?

Another esoteric item is machinery. And every now and then somebody is very dazzled to discover that we meant machinery when we said machinery. You know they say, "Well machinery, that's - that's a colloquial term of some sort or another". No, we mean machinery. It has wheels and belts and chimneys and - and rods that go this way while rods go that way, you know? It's machinery. It really is - cogwheels and all that sort of thing.

Now, what if this happened back in the days of the Roman Empire? Uhaaah. There's no telling what will show up-no telling what will show up. This person in sheets suddenly appears to the pc. Well, don't expect that you've got an engram about a person in sheets. If you follow it up any, you'll probably find - the least startling thing you would find would be a Roman engram; somebody wearing a toga. But it isn't the actual person. You're looking at a substitute for the person in the engram.

You'll be processing a preclear some time or another, he'll keep glancing over there as you're processing him, you know. He'll glance over there some more and he . . . You finally say, "What's the matter? You see something?"

Now, these substitutes are very often smaller or thinner or bigger than life. They aren't the proper size and proportion. They aren't in the proper scenery. Everything else is mishmashed and scrambled.

"Yeah. I - I - Oh... There's something that looks like a steam locomotive that makes candy over there." This thing has been developing into his view. It's been there for a very, very long time. Hes just stopped not-ising it you see? And he starts looking at the thing. And its some gaudy, big machine with its belly painted red and a brass polished stack on it and gear wheels and meters and dials and so forth. We mean machinery, in other words, really.

Therefore, if you simply got out of the road on a track - regardless of any process that you made - if you got out of the road every one of these other-determinisms that were so chronic with this case, if you just located them any old way you could with an E-Meter or otherwise and you took these other-determinisms - if you could look directly at the case and discover what these other-determinisms were and you took them and by any process got them to discharge their other-determinism or automaticity, the fellow's track would show up.

Now, part of the machinery is devoted to different functions in the mind. And a mind which is off onto machinery is off onto such a total irresponsibility there's hardly any hope for the fellow at all. This is the stage four needle. He's totally dedicated to machinery and circuits. The individual himself is a mach... a circuit and everything he does is run by machinery He's the most - he looks more like a factory than a human being.

Well, if his track shows up, he can look at it. He might not, for a while, care to be in it, but he could look at it. And if he could look at it and if he could confront it, he could live with it. But the funny part of it is, the more he's substituted for it the less he can live with it and the less life there is in him.

A stage four needle is a characteristic low-level needle on an E-Meter. It means practically no responsibility. The person can't even influence an E-Meter until you get him up scale a little bit. The E-Meter always does the same thing. It moves up and sticks and falls back; just keeps doing it. This individual's got machinery.

So it's very simple, you see? But as an individual backs away from such a thing - let's say he backs away from an experience - but he took a picture of the experience, compulsively; he just put a lot of energy out there and he focused it, you see? And then he said, "I can't take responsibility for that, I'm to blame, I can't take responsibility for that and, oh, they'd kill me if anybody ever found that out", something like this. And he just backed away from this thing and he didn't even take responsibility for the picture. Don't you see? Then he's got to make the picture invisible, but he finds out it's - he still can remember it or something still happens with regard to the this. He says, "Curtain - let's put a black curtain across this whole thing so I won't have to confront that," you see?

Well, he has machinery that makes mock-ups and then other machinery which eats up mock-ups. He has consuming machinery and manufacturing machinery. He has factories that make lies and factories which believe lies and he has factories which destroy lies. He's real well lied out - lied out along the whole line.

He couldn't get away from it, he made it invisible. That didn't work. He blacked it out. He was still aware of the fact there was something on the other side of it. He finally says, "Well, we'll put three stone images in its place. Yeah, yeah, that's pretty good, that's pretty good." And sinks into unconsciousness in more ways than one.

Anyway, as the individual comes up scale he is less and less mechanical, you might say. It isn't all being done for him. He hasn't got himself all gimmicked up one way or the other. And he comes out into the more ordinary phenomena that you will meet in auditing.

Get the idea?

Now, I've talked about circuits. I've talked about machinery. We probably won't talk about them again, because these things show up and disappear. But when one shows up on a pc, don't be upset. I have given you a clue that they exist, and don't sit there with your jaw dropped. You know, and don't do anything about it because what you're doing turned it on and what you're running will turn it off. That's for sure. But you can explain some of his behavior and some of his complaints and so forth by circuits and machinery.

All you've got to do is take a pc and walk him back up the track. The significance of what happens in the incident is terribly interesting. Incidents of various kinds which - an incident is a series of engrams united in some sequence or associated. What happened in this incident was interesting, makes a good story and so forth. But the only thing you're interested in is the fact that the individual basically substitutes something for it.

Every time he puts up a mock-up an arm comes out here, picks it up, turns it over, writes a date on it, puts it back this way and files it over here in a file. You'd be surprised! You ask somebody for an answer to your question and he says, "Just a minute." You should inquire sometime why he has to have just a minute. It's because the answer is always carried around past his face on a little string of toy cars, and these are little flatcars and each one has a word on a flatcar. It's a word per flatcar And he's got to wait till this whole little train of flatcars comes around so that he can read the words off and give you the answer to the question.

If it's a real bad incident, you see, it goes just up this way. First he didn't even know he had it: unconscious. Substitutes something for it. Next thing it goes all black, "Oh, what a relief," he says, "it's all black. No, that isn't so good. Now it's invisible. Well, there's still something in there somehow or another, I wish - say, you know, I have an appointment. I just remembered I have an appointment, I have to get out of here! Well, at least I can sit here and look at it; at least this part of it won't bite me, providing I sit very still and look at only this part of it. You see?"

These are dub-in cases that have these sort of things. There's a - it's nothing new. It isn't modern, this type of machinery and circuits and tapes and things like that. I ran into a tape in Greek one time, clear back in Greek days, running a Greek engram.

Then you, you heartless beast, move him in it, make him look at some other part of it. You move him up into it, all of a sudden he'll find himself, what we say, in valence; in other words, in the personality, body and beingness of the person he was in the incident itself, boom! He's participating in the incident, has greater reality than he ever cared to have anything to do with. And pretty soon he says "All right, so I'm only getting my throat cut. All right."

And evidently the person, when alive, ran totally on a little ticker tape piece of papyrus that came out here, you know? And it said, in Greek symbols, whatever it said in Greek symbols. The thing was still operating two thousand years later. You run into some goofy ones. These are really fascinating. They're not very meaningful, but it means that you've got a tremendous amount of dub-in on the case. You have artificial valences. You have - you have to dig around for quite a while to find the preclear, you see?

Now, you can carry him on up the Reality Scale to a point where he could create the whole thing back again -not only be willing to experience it but create it and experience it and kick him right on up the line with regard to it. Have an engram, put it back, engrams, spengrams, who cares? Yeah, he's in a very relaxed frame of mind with regard to the thing but that's because you improved his reality. You improved his ability.

The more machinery that's present, the more circuits that are present, the less preclear you've got. You got that? Because he has to be pretty irresponsible to let all the machinery do his living for him.

Well now, an individual - an individual could be said to be in very bad shape if he was totally unconscious. But governments tell us that you have to have hewers of wood and drawers of water and the best persons for that is somebody very stupid. So the best thing to have around is a lot of people very stupid. Did you ever have anybody drawing - drawing wood and splitting water and dropping it on your head and so forth? That's not a very accurate thing, but people say such people have their uses and we should have them around. Well, I never found one that could work, so what's this argument? And of course we always have the artists in Chelsea or Greenwich Village or someplace or another who substitute anything for good painting - good singing.

All right. Now let's get into what you'll really be handling. Now, I can name that off just brrrrr. You'll be handling things that are called, technically, "locks." And those are just pictures that hang around. Individual remembers something, he sees a picture. Picture isn't painful or anything. He thinks of cats, he sees a picture of a cat and so on. It's a picture of a certain cat in a certain place.

And these fellows, they say, "Well, we should have those fellows around." Well, all right, have those fellows around; it's all right with me if they have those fellows around. Of course I never saw them do anything but run into lampposts and get drunk and ruin things.

Now, locks are actually copies of the physical universe and that is a lock. If it isn't a copy of the physical universe and yet it is automatic, it is a dubbed-in picture or a dubbed-in lock. It's a dub-in, in other words. It represents something that - there is a picture of the real thing present but he looks at a substitute of the real picture; get the idea? That's a lock. And then a person has the capability of simply mocking up something - just creating it, out of whole cloth - that is not a lock. That is his own created object that is not a copy of anything, necessarily. We call that a "mock-up."

But you say, "Well, we've got to help the blind. The blind. Of course we've got to have the blind so somebody can contribute to the funds for the blind. It's absolutely necessary that we have the blind with us."

All right. Now, a "secondary" - a secondary is a misemotional experience contained in a mental image picture, or a mental image picture of a misemotional experience. And a secondary is called a secondary because it has to have, prior to it, an incident of physical pain in order to exist.

And then there's the fellow who is a sort of a swami and all things are invisible and he can look through walls and so forth, that - people say he's very useful. Maybe he is. Maybe he isn't.

Don't ever try to get a lock - a secondary off on an ally or person in the preclear's life who never gave any duress of any kind to the person. He won't have a secondary. He won't have a misemotional experience, you understand? This misemotional experience depends on a physical pain thing prior to it.

But I do know that the people who try to be elsewhere are at least doing something about it. But of course he who fights and runs away lives to fight another day. That's a good philosophy for these elsewhere people and they're over the hills and far away when everything bad occurs. They at least know what's going on, they could at least give you an accurate report after they left the place.

Now, he could misidentify people and cry about somebody or get mad about somebody that had never hurt him. But that secondary doesn't belong to the person he's talking about. It belongs on some other chain and some other person that he has identified.

And there are people who're just going to stay there and confront it regardless of what happens. They say, "That's a good thing." Maybe it is and maybe it isn't.

All right. A secondary, then, is simply misemotional. That could be anger or antagonism or grief or fear. Some of the tougher ones - don't get into the idea that release of affect, as the psychoanalyst said, always and only has to do with grief.

But I prefer people who are able to experience things because they have a much better idea of what's going on. They don't have a tremendous number of synthetics and so forth interposing them.

Some of the rougher charges you will handle in cases are terror charges, right there at 1.0 - and Oh, man! You see one of those rip off the case - well, it's a mental image picture containing terror The individual is so influenced by the picture that he responds totally to the picture and he goes through terror - just screaming, shuddering terror! Well, he's - feels unhappy about somebody, liable to cry and cry about it. And if he feels very apathetic, he'll go through a long period of apathy while he's running this secondary.

The Reality Scale and the scale of health and so forth is not really a state of mind. It's the attitude of a person toward his experience or his environment.

These secondaries are quite interesting. It is better to get off the primary, which is the engram itself. But a secondary can be run all by itself and if discharged can

Now, when people are unable to cope with their environment, when they're unable to handle life, when they're into total difficulties; that's perfectly all right as long as they aren't totally unhappy about it. That's really all you object to is somebody having a hard time and then being very miserable about having a hard times.

completey change the expenence or behavior pattern of the person.

Some people like to go around and have hard times. There are some people recently that climbed a mountain peak over in the Andes. I wouldn't have gone and done it. That - I kind of thought, gee, you know, that's really asking for one. But they asked for it and went over and seemed to enjoy it marvelously. So, they weren't having a bad time at it at all.

Like they've just lost - a girl has just lost a husband. She's run nine hours on a secondary, the secondary is totally erased. She looks like a young girl again. She can confront her life and she can go on living. It's a rather marvelous thing, the results that can be obtained from running a secondary if the preclear can attack and run one.

But the individual who has to climb a mountain peak, can't climb a mountain peak, decides he's climbing some other mountain peak and is miserable about the whole thing certainly needs a hand because somewhere along the line he's gone badly astray.

The engram is the most that you see. Now, you have an idea that an engram is a picture - like you see a three-dimensional small movie or some thing like that you've got the wrong idea. An engram fully developed becomes if anything, more real to the preclear than present time. And it is a three dimensional picture that has mass motion, space, time. It contains - as its definition indicates - physical pain, unconsciousness and exteriorization. Therefore an incident in Scientology which does not contain these three things does not classify as an engram.

Now, oddly enough, because those conditions below confront and those items which a person observes below confront, aren't. They aren't in the general reality. They never did exist. They won't exist. These conditions are totally artificial. You really couldn't say the person's reality was very good. Similarly, their livingriess isn't very good either. They're having a hard time of it. So we aren't just being critical in saying in Scientology by auditing we could do something about this or for this.

An engram is a mental image picture containing physical pain, unconsciousness and exteriorization.

Even an executioner probably thinks, "Well, he was so miserable in his cell, I'm really doing him a great service to cut his head off." He probably has some such philosophy, but it's a very spurious philosophy.

Now these, just this little handful of things, are the principle anatomy that you will have to do with. And these things are draped along another piece of anatomy called the time track.

Our philosophy is not spurious at all. An individual able to be with us or able to live and not be fallen over all the time has to have a pretty good reality. He has to see things pretty much as they are. And you'll find out if he can see things as they are he can dream things up under his own determinism and make new combinations of them. And he can - he can do various things. He has an ability, his self-determinism is with him.

Now, some people get the idea that the time track is a drawn up picture out in front of them. No, it isn't. It actually is the way they file or stack up all of their experiences in chronological order. It is not a picture, it is actually the chronological order of all pictures. And it makes up something that is called the time track.

But most people who were below confront on the Reality Scale were unhappy. Most people below that level are very unhappy. And they're a terrific liability and just been aching to get somebody to do something about it. Well, we can do something about it and it doesn't take much doing. Not today.

Now, locks, secondaries, engrams appear on the time track. And one of the ways of deadening or desensitizing any one of these items is simply to find its proper place on the time track, at which moment it's very likely to disappear, de-intensify.

All you've got to do is get somebody to look at things as they are. That's what you can do about it. If you got him to totally look at things as they are, all of his problems that are really troubling him, that he's really unhappy about, would blow up. And he can go have problems that he's happy about.

You can put a person's time track back together again, that has become scrambled, and you can do a tremendous amount for him. You could just sit there with an E- Meter, take experiences that he can see - you know, in terms of locks, secondaries, engrams - and just find each one in time for him. And gradually get his time track lined up and he would be in much better shape. That all by itself.

His illness stems from unreality on bodies. His physical illness stems from just unrealities on bodies. He's wearing somebody else's legs or he's wearing unicorn's legs or something like that. I mean, you'd be amazed what legs people with leg trouble are wearing. But they're certainly wearing some substitute leg. Or they've got legs totally blacked out. Or something is definitely on the Reality Scale about legs which is far from optimum and which they don't particularly want or like or wish to have anything to do with.

So the time track is not so much a thing but an order of things. And the things in which we are interested, of course, are engrams, secondaries, locks, mock-ups, dubbed-in pictures - which are pictures of pictures because he can't face the real picture, he faces a substitute - and, more esoterically and less practically, machinery and circuits. And when we've said this whole mouthful, why, we've said about all the mental anatomy there is.

A person who is unable to cope with his responsibilities and problems either has responsibilities that nobody would ever ask anybody to have in this world, which is sometimes the case with people in various positions in society. Everybody's hanging them with responsibility and they don't have any authority to carry it out and they be - get very miserable and upset. It's a question of magnitude of responsibility. Well, such a person can be brought up to a point where he could actually cope with the responsibilities that the world and society demand of him. He could cope with what he's supposed to do.

Thank you.

You'll find out that most of the things which make life unlivable, miserable and so forth are relatively easily handled by handling nothing but reality. If you merely get somebody to tell you what his problem is, tell you what his problem is, tell you what his problem is, describe the problem to you, describe the problem to you, describe the problem to you, he finally winds up with what the problem really is. And it's usually about two or three dozen substitutes from what he thought it was. He began by saying the problem was he didn't have any money. And you finally find out the problem is that he doesn't ever dare be like his father.

Now, what did you do? You simply asked the person what reality was. Well, any time you ask a person what reality is, ask them to as-is their reality, ask them to take a look at what it is, you reduce, to some degree, some of the mass that he thinks he should have.

So what you can do about the mind and what you can do about people (besides improving their reality) is yourself do a substitute on people. Let the individual get rid of the masses, situations, significances and mental bric-a-brac he doesn't want and let him have some that he does want. At least put him on a determinism about what is in his own mind. And that is the least you could do for anybody. And you can certainly do that in processing.

Thank you.